Formal and informal institutions’ lending policies and access to credit by small-scale enterprises in Kenya: An empirical assessment By Rosemary Atieno University of Nairobi AERC Research Paper 111 African Economic Research Consortium‚ Nairobi November 2001 © 2001‚ African Economic Research Consortium. Published by: The African Economic Research Consortium P.O. Box 62882 Nairobi‚ Kenya Printed by: The Regal Press Kenya‚ Ltd. P.O. Box 46116 Nairobi‚ Kenya ISBN 9966-944-52-4
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institutions and the two additional pillars that support informal institutions. Answer: Regulatory Pillar that supports formal institutions and other two additional pillars name are Normative Pillar and Cognitive Pillar. Normative pillar refers to how to values‚ beliefs‚ and actions- collectively known as norms of other relevant players influence the behavior of focal individuals and firms. Cognitive pillar is the school support for informal institutions. It refers to the internalized values and
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case at hand can become heavily influence because of these said beliefs. In psychology this is commonly known as belief perseverance‚ this is when people cling to their beliefs‚ even when faced with contrary evidence. Throughout the film “Twelve Angry Men” by Reginald Rose‚ one can clearly see how these personal beliefs and experience cloud the mind and judgement of the jurors because of this it takes a very long time for a clearly innocent man to be seen as innocent due to the personal beliefs of
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FORMAL AND INFORMAL STYLES OF COMMUNICATION Introduction 1. The most prominent quality of a human being is the effective and meaningful way of communication. Humans have a unique and well developed way of imparting or interchanging thoughts‚ opinions‚ or information by speech‚ writing‚ or signs. Communication is well established but not only limited among humans but also in animals and in manmade machines such as computers Communication 2. The word communications comes from a Latin word “Communis
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THE CURSE OF LOVE Amy and Annie is a best friend. They know each other since they were a child. They were always together in everything they did. Actually‚ Amy comes from a rich family but she is quite weak in her studies. Meanwhile Annie is from a poor family but really good in her studies. Therefore‚ they always help each other for instance Amy will help Annie with her financial problem while Annie will help Amy in her studies. Then‚ both of them did well in their studies and managed to get a
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5 Tran Quoc Hoan Street‚ Cau Giay District‚ Hanoi January 25th 2013 Dear Hugh‚ It has been months since the last time I heard from you. How was your winter break? I’m sorry that I was too busy to reply your letter. Now I have more free time because Tet Holiday is only a week away. Tet Holiday is our traditional festival‚ which is also known as Lunar New Year. It comes later than your New Year in Britain‚ around the end of January and the begin of February. Since Tet is our biggest holiday of
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In order to have an abundance of success people sacrifice many things. Richard Rodriguez is a wonderful example of this statement. In his book‚ “The Achievement of Desire‚” he writes‚ “I was able to frame the meaning of my academic success‚ its consequent price- -the loss” (517). Rodriguez frames the meaning of his success in relation to Hoggarts “scholarship boy” by being a dependent thinker‚ high-strung‚ and respecting his teachers more than his own parents. His decisions about higher learning
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The idea of cultural district is by zooming out in a classical modern city‚ any successful case should take significant amount of time as culture grows slowly and build upon itself. Architect’s role in the top down development in existing urban fabric A: Within an economic model‚ architect’s role is very small in terms of decision making. M: Yet we should not see ourselves as individual‚ but a group of people‚ no matter professionals or not‚ seeing the problems with the planning system and educate
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between formal & informal organization. This question requires the discussion interrelationship between formal organization and informal organization. First we want to know about what the formal organization is and what the informal organization is. Formal organization is a fixed set of rules of intra-organization procedures and structures. As such‚ it is usually set out in writing; with a language of rules that ostensibly leave little discretion for interpretation also the informal organization is
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Introduction This essay is based on Formal and Informal organisations and the details and difference between the two. Recommendations and conclusions are also drawn based on the information presented. Formal and Informal Organisations The fundamental concepts of formal and informal organisations are regarded with the nature and processes in the workplace. A formal organization is the actual framework of the organization including its organizational chart and its chain of command which determines
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