CLUSTER FINANCING Definition of Cluster in the Indian Context Clusters can be defined as Sectoral and geographical concentration of enterprises‚ in particular Small and Medium Enterprises (SME)‚ faced with common opportunities and threats which can: a. Give rise to external economies (e.g. specialized suppliers of raw materials‚ components and machinery; sector specific skills etc.); b. Favour the emergence of specialized technical‚ administrative and financial services; c. Create a conducive
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in order to manage risk factors are loss control‚ loss financing‚ and internal risk reduction. By using these three methods and knowing how they work a business can take to protect the company‚ the possible risks are easier to be contained and managed. Loss Control Loss Financing Loss financing is one of these techniques and is a “method used to obtain funds to pay for or offset losses that occur” (Risk Management Methods). Loss financing covers four different areas that help to achieve its end
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1) Profit maximization is described as short-term goal within a given period of time. A corporation may maximize its short-term profits at the expense of its long-term profitability. In contrast‚ stockholder wealth maximization is a long-term goal‚ since stockholders are interested in future as well as present profits. According to world academy (2013)‚”wealth maximization is generally preferred because it considers (1) wealth for the long term‚ (2) risk or uncertainty‚ (3) the timing of returns
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Defination Deficit Financing Deficit budget means that Govt. expenditure is more than its income from taxes and fee etc. Resources for deficit budget are met by borrowing‚ which is called Deficit Financing. In Pakistan deficit financing is needed because development programs require huge finance whereas domestic savings and income from taxes are not sufficient enough for this purpose. Increasing savings habits‚ population control‚ elimination of corruption‚ decrease in non-productive expenditure
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The debentures are having a great significance as a means of corporate financing. Through debentures‚ the company is enabled to have the capital without giving any control over their holders. There is a certainty of finance for a specific period and the company can adjust its financial plan accordingly By issuing the debentures‚ the company gets an opportunity to trade on equity. Consequently‚ it results in increasing the return for the equity shareholders. There are certain individuals and institutional
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discussing is financial polynomials. The use of financial polynomials is used in the real world all the time. Financial polynomials are really important because it is an easy way for you to figure out how much you need to be able to plan a trip‚ retirement‚ or a college fund. Using the formula p (1+r/2) ^ (2) we could compound the interest semiannually. In this assignment I’m going to solve and demonstrate my knowledge of each problem‚ how and why it is applicable to my everyday life‚ state if there
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international trade transaction. ◆ Learn how the various stages and their costs impact the ability of an exporter to enter a foreign market and potentially compete in both credit terms and pricing. ◆ See what organizations and resources are available for exporters to aid in managing trade risk and financing. ◆ Examine the various trade financing alternatives. The purpose of this chapter is to explain how international trade‚ exports and imports‚ is financed. The contents are of direct practical relevance to
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Mercantile Bank Limited SME Financing Division Mercantile Bank Limited has designed and developed four loan products to meet up all types of justified business requirements of SME customers. However‚ the features of the products so far developed may be changed‚ revised‚ while new products can also be developed to cope with the market demand as per guidelines of Bangladesh Bank and the Bank’s own policy. The products are: CHAKA “PvKvÓ (Term Loan). ANANNYA “Abb¨v” (Women Entrepreneur’s Loan)
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ALTERNATIVE FINANCING PLANS Current assets – permanent current assets = temporary current assets $800‚000 – $350‚000 = $450‚000 Short-term interest expense = 5% [$450‚000 + ½ ($350‚000)] = 5% ($625‚000) = $31‚250 Long-term interest expense = 10% [$600‚000 + ½ ($350‚000)] = 10% ($775‚000) = $77‚500 Total interest expense = $31‚250 + $77‚500 = $108‚750 Earnings before interest and taxes $200‚000 Interest expense 108‚750 Earnings before taxes $ 91‚250 Taxes
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[pic] [pic] Course code: F-201 Course title: Financial accounting -2 Submitted to: Tahmina Akter Lecturer Department of Finance University of Dhaka Submitted by: |Name | |
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