Section 1.1 Propositional Logic 1 CHAPTER 1 The Foundations: Logic and Proofs SECTION 1.1 Propositional Logic 2. Propositions must have clearly defined truth values‚ so a proposition must be a declarative sentence with no free variables. a) This is not a proposition; it’s a command. b) This is not a proposition; it’s a question. c) This is a proposition that is false‚ as anyone who has been to Maine knows. d) This is not a proposition; its truth value depends on the value of
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INTRODUCTION Logic is the theory of the way in which people reason‚ with the aim of studying the principles of valid reasoning. The study of logic is the effort to determine the conditions under which one is justified in passing from given statements‚ called premises‚ to a conclusion that is claimed to follow from them. Logical validity is a relationship between the premises and the conclusion such that if the premises are true then the conclusion is true. There are several types of logic. The earliest
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Boolean logic Student Ali Alsaad: 1007194 Date: 20/2/2014 Table of Contents 1-History and introduction 2-Types of Logic gates 3-Uses of logic gates 4-Electronic circuits 5-Conclusion Introduction The term Boolean logic (Also known as Boolean algebra) honors George Boole. a self-educated English mathematician. He introduced the algebraic system initially in a small pamphlet‚ The Mathematical Analysis of Logic‚ published in 1847 in response to an ongoing public controversy
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Logic Logic- Greek word ‘logos’ which means thought‚ word‚ speech‚ science. Founded by Aristotle around 384-322 B.C. through his famous philosophical masterpiece “organon” Organon- the universal rational instrument for the acquisition of philosophical knowledge. Logic is about the attainment of truth. It is the art and science of correct thinking. Thus‚ thinking and reasoning. Thinking- it means mental operations or the process of drawing out conclusions from previously known data. Correct Thinking-
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There are‚ of course‚ other types of mistake than mistakes in reasoning. For instance‚ factual mistakes are sometimes referred to as "fallacies". However‚ the Fallacy Files is specifically concerned‚ not with factual errors‚ but with logical ones. In logic‚ the term "fallacy" is used in two related‚ but distinct ways. For example: 1. "Argumentum ad Hominem is a fallacy." 2. "Your argument is a fallacy." In 1‚ what is called a "fallacy" is a type of argument‚ so "fallacy" in this sense is a
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get rid of our biases before engaging in a new reading adventure. After having read "Idiot Nation‚" I realized that I had discovered the Rush Limbaugh of the extreme left. Even though we all know that these two men have opposite ideologies‚ I can see they have something in common; they both feed on controversies and are loyal to their biases. As to answer his question‚ "Do you feel like you live in a nation of idiots?" Without a doubt‚ my answer is NO! Because personally I know so many intelligent people
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Logic and reasoning Assignment Name: Henok Meshesha I.D. 0670/05 Techno. Sec. 02 Source: Internet‚ References from library and Personal ideas. The relevant of logic Introduction The term “logic” is used quite a lot‚ but not always in its technical sense. Logic‚ strictly speaking‚ is the science or study of how to evaluate arguments and reasoning. Logic is what allows us to distinguish correct reasoning from poor reasoning. Logic is important
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Fuzzy Logic B.Vasanth‚ Electrical and Electronics Department‚ Rajalakshmi Engineering College Thandalam‚ Chennai‚ India vasanth1508@gmail.com I. INTRODUCTION Fuzzy logic was developed by Lotfi A. Zadeh in the 1960s in order to provide mathematical rules and functions which permitted natural language queries. Fuzzy logic provides a means of calculating intermediate values between absolute true and absolute false with resulting values ranging between 0.0 and 1.0. With fuzzy logic‚ it is
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Activity 6.3.2 Logic Gates Introduction A two-valued number system is the basis for all of the powerful computers and electronic devices in the world. Those two values are 0 and 1. Everything in the digital world is based on this binary system. While it seems very simple‚ the binary system is used to create the logic that dictates the actions of complex and simpler digital systems. But how do processors know what to do with all of those 0s and 1s Gates are used. Gates process the 0s and 1s and react
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What is logic?Is it beneficial to think in a logically consistent manner? Logic is the science that evaluates arguments.It aimes to create parameteers on the bassis of which we can distinguish consistent arguments from inconsistent or feeble ones. A logically embellished mind is a jewel on its own and its importance can hardly be undermined.A grasp on logic and its attributes enables a person to improve the quality of one’s arguments and present his ideas in a manner that they make their poitn
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