N of RISK-ADJUSTED DISCOUNT RATES and LIABILITY BETA RUSSELL E. BINGHAM T H E H A R T F O R D FINANCIAL SERVICES G R O U P Table of Contents Page 2 3 5 7 8 11 12 13 14 14 15 16 17 17 18 Subject Abstract 1. Summary 2. Total Return Model 3. After-Tax Discounting 4. Derivation of Risk-Adjusted Discount Rate and Liability Beta Figure l : Baseline Risk / Return Line vs Leverage 5. Liability Beta Figure 2: Equity vs Liability Beta Figure 3: Equity Beta vs Risk-Adjusted Discount Rate (After-Tax)
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What methods of Index Number calculation is used to calculate Cost of Living Index (CLI). An index number measures the relative change in the price‚ quantity‚ value or some other item of interest from one time period to another. It is found by calculating the ratio of the current value to the value at another time point or at a different geographical location. The different types of simple index that are used are - Price Relative‚ Quantity Relative‚ Value Relative. A price index is a weighted
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level of risk is one of the main determinants of a firm`s capital structure. By looking at the trade off theory we might expect a negative association when risk and leverage are concerned. If firms have high earnings volatility‚ for some obvious reasons‚ they would not want to indulge in debt financing. It follows that when firms are exposed to bankruptcy and agency costs greater is the incentive to reduce the level of debt otherwise the more volatile a firm`s earnings are‚ the more risk is there
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Cost of Equity: For the risk-free rate‚ we decided to use the 30-year old Treasury yield‚ which is currently 4.6%. We believe it is important to match the time horizon when comparing financial assets. Given that stocks have essentially an endless time horizon‚ the 30-year Treasury seems a more reasonable asset by which to compare stocks. 1-month Treasury Bills‚ for instance‚ are comparable to safety-deposit boxes‚ which are completely safe‚ but cannot ever yield a return. It’s highly likely that
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employment. While some people enjoy less stress‚ which comes from being provided with an average job and being told what to do. Others would agree that self-employment is better. Being self-employed is better than a nine to five job because it allows one to follow one’s own schedule and enjoy being able to achieve his own goals. First‚ being self-employed allows people to have a wide window of flexibility. On the other hand‚ a normal nine to five job requires employees
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1. What is the WACC for Marriott Corporation? Cost of Debt Tax Rate We determined this number by taking income taxes paid/EBITDA = 175.9/398.9 = 44.1% Return on debt There are two clear components of debt: fixed and floating. In order to get the fixed debt rate we took the interest rates on fixed-rate government securities and added the premium above the government rate.
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Risk & Capital‚ Unit 3 Individual Project Financial Management - FINA310-1005B-01 Abstract In this week’s individual project paper‚ a set of financial data will be analyzed (via provided XYZ downloaded information‚ Bloomberg.com‚ IP provided ‘assumptions’‚ and Web resources) in order to calculate expected returns and theoretical stock prices for XYZ Corporation. The CAPM (capital asset pricing model) and CGM (constant growth rate) will be used to arrive at the company stock price. Assignment:
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the project that Ameritrade is considering. Ameritrage wants to be the largest brokerage firm worldwide based on the number of trades. In order to grow the customer base the company would require substantial investment in technology and advertising. These investments are made to improve service‚ capacity and customer awareness of Ameritrade. 2. The title suggests that the cost of capital is important here. Concisely describe what cost of capital means. It is the cost of what to whom? Why is it
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Nike Inc.: Cost of Capital The Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) is the overall required rate of return on a firm as a whole. It is important to calculate a firm’s cost of capital in order to determine the feasibility of a particular investment for a firm. I do not agree with Joanna Cohen’s WACC calculation. She calculated value of equity‚ value of debt‚ cost of equity‚ and cost of debt all incorrectly. For value of equity‚ Joanna simply used the number stated on the balance sheet instead
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home improvement retailer. They are now the second largest retailer in the United States‚ offering 40‚000 to 50‚000 different types of home improvement supplies‚ building materials‚ and lawn and garden products. They carry a wide assortment of low-cost products‚ and offer expert advice and exceptional customer service. As an innovator of the home improvement industry‚ Home Depot has expanded into Canada‚ Mexico‚ Argentina‚ Chile‚ and Puerto Rico. Currently there are 1‚459 stores including fifty
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