UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS GCE Advanced Subsidiary Level and GCE Advanced Level MARK SCHEME for the May/June 2012 question paper for the guidance of teachers 9713 APPLIED INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY 9713/12 Paper 1 (Written A)‚ maximum raw mark 80 This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates‚ to indicate the requirements of the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate
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Executive Summary In the past‚ Australians have perceived potatoes as boring‚ time-consuming to cook‚ and high in carbohydrates. This negative perception resulted in a decreasing consumption and an inferior image of potatoes. Among other national and regional boards‚ Western Potatoes is now trying to change customers’ negative perception. This report examined Western Potatoes marketing campaign for the years 2008 and 2009. It was the aim of the report to evaluate‚ whether the undertaken actions
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Question: Explain the merits of the path-goal model of motivation by contrasting it with other theories of motivation. The path-goal model of motivation refers to the works of Robert J House in 1971 and later revised in 1996. House theorized that leaders are directly responsible for motivating their subordinates‚ and ideally could motivate them towards achieving personal goals and ultimately the goals of the organisation. Motivation refers to the “cognitive decision-making process through which
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What Do Marketers Do? Introduction to Marketing Consumers are continually faced with an array of products‚ services and offers in their daily lives. For this reason‚ the need for marketers has become more crucial for businesses across the globe if they intend to survive in this competitive day and age. But what exactly does this role entail? This essay will aim to briefly touch on the key aspects that manifest this diverse occupation by examining firstly their involvement in market research‚ implementing
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Why some people choke and others panic. Most people would think they are one in the same. Malcolm Gladwell explains the difference and distinction between the two in The Art of Failure. “To choke or panic is considered to be as bad as to quit.” said Gladwell. Choking is about thinking too much and panic is thinking too little. Explicit learning and implicit learning are used in helping to describe what it means to choke or panic in certain situations. Gladwell uses different scenarios of how failure
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Applied linguistics is an umbrella term that covers a wide set of numerous areas of study connected by the focus on the language that is actually used. The emphasis in applied linguistics is on language users and the ways in which they use languages‚ contrary to theoretical linguistics which studies the language in the abstract not referring it to any particular context‚ or language‚ like Chomskyan generative grammar for example. Interestingly even among applied linguists there is a difference of
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Some consumers are influenced by brands‚ other are not. Discuss the reasons for this. Currently‚ there are many products which have been introduced to the market. A company attempts to make their brand recognized by consumers in order to gain repurchasing from their customers. The company needs to predict an expectation of consumers. Therefore‚ brand management could be one of the most important roles in achieving this. Branding is a product or service that is distinguished from its competitors
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think the situation could have been handled a lot better. I think it was wrong that he was just picking people to be kicked off of the life boat that would drown. I think wrong that he was choosing the people that were going to be killed‚ but at no point did he offer himself up. This is a very difficult question because at the same time he was trying to help the people that were on his boat survive. 2. What other choices could the captain have made? Originally the captain could have made sure that
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utterances made by others. In a narrower sense‚ an idiolect might entail features‚ either in speech or writing‚ which distinguish one individual from others‚ such as o voice quality ( the overall impression that a listener obtains of a speaker‟s voice or characteristics of a particular voice that enable the listener to distinguish one voice from another‚ such as when a person is able to identify a telephone caller) o pitch ( when we listen to people speaking‚ we can hear some sounds or groups
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how culture affects the way a country runs its economy‚ its legal and political system‚ and how they adapt to technology. Next‚ we discuss how HRM allows individual employees to acclimatize themselves to technical differences in an organization. Lastly‚ we will do a comparison of how HRM differs in Brunei as compared to a western country. Culture (An Overarching Umbrella) Laurent (1986‚ p. 92) stated that‚ ‘every culture has developed through its own history some specific and unique insight into
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