Introduction to Formal Methods Chapter 04: CTL Model Checking Roberto Sebastiani DISI‚ Università di Trento‚ Italy – rseba@disi.unitn.it URL: http://disi.unitn.it/~rseba/DIDATTICA/fm2012/ teaching assistant: Silvia Tomasi – silvia.tomasi@disi.unitn.it CDLM in Informatica‚ academic year 2011-2012 last update: April 26‚ 2012 Copyright notice: some material (text‚ figures) displayed in these slides is courtesy of M. Benerecetti‚ A. Cimatti‚ P. Pandya‚ M. Pistore‚ M. Roveri‚ and S.Tonetta‚ who detain
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The movie Equilibrium directed by Kurt Wimmer‚ and the book 1984 written by George Orwell both explore what would happen when a government has complete control. When you let someone think for you and make all of your decisions‚ you lose what makes you human‚ which is your free will‚ and your ability to make conscious decisions. In both the text and movie they take away human identity to gain control. The key differences are the ways Big Brother and Father seize control‚ and what effect it has on
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The steps 1 to 5 denotes the forward propagation 1. First apply the inputs to the network and work out the output. This initial output could be anything‚ as the initial weights are random numbers. 2. Next work out the error for neuron B. This error is needed actually ErrorB = OutputB (1-OutputB)(TargetB-OutputB) (5.19) Output (1- Output) is necessary in the equation because of the Sigmoid Function (Target – Output) is needed if threshold activation function is used. 3. Change the weight
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Case in the news: Demand/Supply and Equilibrium This article is based on the fundamental idea of supply and demand of the iPhone 5 whose demand has outstripped its supply. Due to the fact that the demand is so high‚ even those who pre-ordered the new slim iPhone 5 had to wait until October to get this new phone. The sales have broken all previous records and stand tall at 2 million phones in the first 24 hours. According to the article people had been
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Analytical and Equilibrium Molrity Analytical Molarity is the total number of a solute‚ regardless of its chemical state‚ in one liter of solution • describes how a solution is prepared(recipe) 98.0 g H2SO4 dissolved in water diluted to 1.0 L. 1.0 M H2SO4 Equilibrium Molarity or species molarity is the molar concentration of a particular specie in the solution. • requires a careful analysis on how solutes behave when it is dissolved in solvents 1.0 M H2SO4 (AM) 0.0 M H2SO4
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offspring have the same genotype ratio as their parents. This example was one of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The next generation will express the same genotype ratio as their parents‚ and so on. But what exactly is needed to create Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? (Basically‚ a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium s not evolving in any way.) Five specific factors are needed to create Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium within a population- a very large population‚ isolation from other populations‚ no net mutations
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Chapter 04 - Information search Student: ___________________________________________________________________________ 1. Information search may occur for the appropriate evaluative criteria for the solution of a problem. True False 2. All of the brands that a consumer would consider for the solution of a particular problem are known as the evoked set. True False 3. Consumers engage in external search when the perceived cost of search is more than the perceived value of the search
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com/articles/2008/06/06/business/air.php The Principle of Market Equilibrium The equilibrium price is the price at which the quantity demanded of a good or service is equal to the quantity supplied. The Principle of Market Equilibrium states that perfectly competitive markets are always moving toward said equilibrium. If the price is too high or low‚ there will be a surplus or shortage‚ respectively‚ which will drive the price towards the “market-clearing” equilibrium price. When there is a shift of the demand and/or
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For a manager is a business setting it is important for them to understand how market equilibrium is maintained. Simple economic principles such as supply and demand are crucial in the business world when it comes to everything‚ especially making very important day to day decisions. The Process The intersection of the supply curve and the demand curve is considered market equilibrium and the price point (investopedia‚ 2012). This is another way of saying that the economic forces are balanced
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This paper relates to the concepts I learned from weeks one and two of my Economics class and how market forces affect the price of sugar. Characterized by volatile prices and widespread intervention sugar is one of the most massively traded agricultural commodities in the international and local markets (Sariannidis‚ 2010‚ p. 1). Sugar is one of the staple foods most people cannot live without. The reason I am using sugar as the subject of this paper is because I observed raw sugar has doubled its
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