INTRODUCTION DEFINITION Organizational culture is the collective behavior of people that are part of an organization‚ it is also formed by the organization values‚ visions‚ norms‚ working language‚ systems‚ and symbols‚ it includes beliefs and habits It’s also the pattern of such collective behaviors and assumptions that are taught to new organizational members as a way of perceiving‚ and even thinking and feeling. Organizational culture affects the way people and groups interact with each other
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Standards on Auditing applicable from the 1.04.2011 Index Sr. No. 1 2 3 Name of the Standard SA 700 (Revised)- Forming an Opinion and Reporting on Financial Statements SA 705- Modifications to the Opinion in the Independent Auditor’s Report SA 706- Emphasis of Matter Paragraphs and Other Matter Paragraphs in the Independent Auditor’s Report 4 SA 710(Revised)- Comparative Information - Corresponding Figures and Comparative Financial Statements 5 SA 800- Special Considerations-Audits
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2) Discuss the ways in which managers arrive at new strategic directions-formal and informal. Which is the best? The first phase of a strategic formulation process is the planning phase. A statement of missions and objectives is developed which charts the direction of the company and provides the groundwork for subsequent strategic processes. The objectives of a company evolve from the stated mission. After the mission and objectives are completed‚ a company must develop an environmental assessment
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UNIT - I BASIC STRUCTURE OF COMPUTERS FUNCTIONAL UNITS A computer consists of five functionally independent main parts. They are‚ ➢ Input ➢ Memory ➢ Arithmetic and logic ➢ Output ➢ Control unit Basic functional units of a computer [pic] The operation of a computer can be summarized as follows The computer accepts programs and the data through an input and stores them in the memory.The stored data
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Change is essential to organizations especially in times when the environment around the organization is volatile or when in a new environment. Change usually affects three characteristics of an organization. These being individuals working in the organization‚ culture and processes. An organization can use strategic change approach to implement change in the organization or use tactical change approach. Tactical change approach is often used when the change envisioned is only short term.in this
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Foundations Foundations of of Organization Organization Structure Structure 15-1 Chapter Chapter Learning Learning Objectives Objectives After studying this chapter‚ you should be able to: – – – – – Identify the six elements of an organization’s structure. Identify the characteristics of a bureaucracy. Describe a matrix organization. Identify the characteristics of a virtual organization. Show why managers want to create boundaryless organizations. – Demonstrate how organizational structures
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Where Argyris and Schön were the first to propose models that facilitate organizational learning‚ the following literatures have followed in the tradition of their work: Argyris and Schön (1978) distinguish between single-loop and double-loop learning‚ related to Gregory Bateson’s concepts of first and second order learning. In single-loop learning‚ individuals‚ groups‚ or organizations modify their actions according to the difference between expected and obtained outcomes. In double-loop learning
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Introduction The management and organizational approaches that are used by various firms play a critical role in their performance. The adopted management approach is important due to the fact that it determines the efficiency with which activities are performed. The organizational structure of the firm on the other hand determines the delegation and application of authority. The organizational structure is developed by the management. The structure facilitates effective interaction among employees
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Introduction A number of people whose activities have been set‚ coordinated and led by their members in order to the attainment of specific objectives or goals is used as defining an organization (Schein 1970). “Theory means here logic and metaphysics” (Timo and Gasparski‚ 1993‚ p.3). Different people may have different views on the operations within the organization. Therefore‚ organization theory is invented and influences what goes on in the organization. Moreover‚ from the organization theory
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1.1 Summarise the entitlement and provision for early year’s education It became an entitlement of all 3-and 4-year-olds in England to receive a free part-time early years education of up to 12.5 hours per week for a period of up to 38 weeks of the year as part of the Every Child Matters agenda and Childcare Act 2006. Every child should receive up to two years free education before reaching school age‚ this is ensured by local authorities‚ which is funded by the government. Although parents are
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