RATIO ANALYSIS (ALL VALUES IN Rs. MILLION) 1. GROSS PROFIT MARGIN (%): GROSS PROFIT = NET SALES – COGS = TOTAL REVENUE – (Employee Benefit Expense + Operating and Other Expenses + Finance Costs) = 53107 – (22510+21598+1025) = 7974 GROSS PROFIT MARGIN = (NET SALES – COGS)/NET SALES = (7974/ 53107)*100 = 15.01497% 2. RETURN ON ASSET(RoA) RETURN ON ASSET = (PAT/TOTAL ASSET)*100 = (4606/63454)*100 = 7.258% This indicates that around 7.3% of all assets have been utilized
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Ratio and Proportion • If 2 numbers are in ratio a: b then consider them as ax and bx (where x is the proportionality constant) and apply ax and bx in the given condition of the problem to proceed for answer • Ratio can be applied between 2 units if and only if the same physical quantity is compared • Length : length is correct • Length : density is wrong • Ratio can be made only after the units are compared in the same unit • If two lengths are 1 mile and 1 km respectively then ratio
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evaluate how well it is performing‚ one of those tools is the debt ratio calculation. The debt ratio shows the proportion of assets financed with debt‚ liabilities. It is calculated by the companies total liabilities divided by its total assets and is used as a percentage. Total assets and total debts can be found on the balance sheet. “It can be used to evaluate a business’s ability to pay its debt” (Nobles p. 89). The debt ratio can be used to evaluate a business’s ability to pay it’s debts.
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LIQUIDITY Liquidity ratios are used to determine a company’s ability to meet its short-term debt obligations. Investors often take a close look at liquidity ratios when performing fundamental analysis on a firm. Since a company that is consistently having trouble meeting its short-term debt is at a higher risk of bankruptcy‚ liquidity ratios are a good measure of whether a company will be able to comfortably continue as a going concern. Working Capital Working capital is the amount by which the
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* Findings and Analysis: Liquidity Ratio 1. Current Ratio: A company’s current assets divided by its current liabilities is known as the Current Ratio. This ratio is regarded as a measure of short-term debt paying ability. It measures the capability to obsolete the current liability with comparing to current asset by how many times. The equation is- Current Ratio = Current AssetCurrent Liability * The general rule of thumb calls for a current ratio of at least 2:1. If it is greater than
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Firms did not flourish until the early 20th century. They emerged as an authorized structure and were granted exclusive rights to trade and conduct business in certain markets and products. The fact that firms are a different way to organize economic activities cannot explain explicitly and adequately the reason of firm formation. Many socialists and economists have given their interpretations of the conditions under which firms emerged and developed in certain ways in a specialised exchange economy
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A. FIRM AND ITS OBJECTIVE: Conventional theory of firm assumes profit maximization is the sole objective of business firms. But recent researches on this issue reveal that the objectives the firms pursue are more than one. Some important objectives‚ other than profit maximization are: (a) Maximization of the sales revenue (b) Maximization of firm’s growth rate (c) Maximization of Managers utility function (d) Making satisfactory rate of Profit (e) Long run Survival of the firm (f) Entry-prevention
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flask using a volumetric pipette. The volumetric flask was then filled to the mark with distilled water. The flask was covered with Parafilm and inverted to mix. The next part of the experiment was to determine the Vitamin C in a solution of known concentration. Observations of the Vitamin C sample and the amount found on the label was recorded. A tared piece of weighing paper was used to weigh 0.27 g of Vitamin C. The Vitamin C was then transferred to a clean 50 mL volumetric flask. The flask was filled
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Part A After-TAX Cost Debt O’Grandy Apparel Company can calculate the after tax debt cost using YTM (CP + (FV-Nd /n) / FV +Nd /2) *2. Cp is (0.12/2) * 1000= 60 Semi-annually Fv is 1000 Nd is 995 – (0.025* 1000) = 970 N is 20*2 because it is semi-annually then you have to use Kdt= Kd+ (i-T) .The tax bracket is 40 percent. Now we can have the after tax debt when it is equal or smaller than $700000 Kd ( 1-T) = 0.1249 (1-0.4)= 0.07494. If it is more than $700000 it will be KD (1-t) = 0.18(1-0.4)
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Oil Ethics Oil Ethics Table of Contents Abstract 3 Introduction 4 1 Key Facts about the Canadian Oil Sands 5 2 Extraction Process 7 2.1 Mining ........................................................................................................................................ 7 2.2 In-Situ Recovery ......................................................................................................................... 8 2.3 Economic
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