Introduction Independence is a fundamental to the reliability of auditors’ reports. It is an attitude of mind characterized by integrity and an objective approach to professional works. A professional auditor should work both independent and seen to be so. Nowadays‚ but‚ the trend of providing non-audit services to audit clients seem to be sweeping accounting firms all over the world; impacts of independence impairment caused by this trend should not be ignored. The Meaning of Independence The essential
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The United States of America prides itself on independence‚ but many American authors challenge what it truly means to be fully independent. Whether independence is a state of a mind or a physical freedom‚ there is no way to tell. However‚ many characters in American Literature have their own answers to the question. Independence is a concept with a constantly changing‚ dynamic description. Three characters that reflect the developing idea of independence are Hester Prynne‚ Jim‚ and Walter Lee Younger
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Safeguard of auditor independence (i)Established An Audit Committee We support the given measure as Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002‚ Section 204 requires auditors reports to audit committee (www.sarbanes-oxley.com).First‚ such committee is independent non-executive directors provide auditors an independent point of reference than executive directors of the company. Second‚ it enhancing the independence of auditors by provides a direct channel of communication between top management and the auditors
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According to attribute standard 1100‚ the internal audit activity must be independent and internal auditors must be objective in performing their work. Independence is the “freedom from conditions that threaten the ability of the internal audit activity or the chief audit executive (CAE) to carry out internal audit responsibilities in an unbiased manner.” Objectivity is “an unbiased mental attitude that allows internal auditors to perform engagements in such a manner that they believe in their work
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were debating over declaring independence against Britain. At the time‚ The colonies and Britain were in unstable relations‚ with Massachusetts already having fought battles with Britain in Lexington and Concord. This unstable relationship brought the idea of independence in the colonies. The reasons for independence were that it didn’t make sense for Britain to rule a colony that is larger than their own country‚ and America will regret not fighting for independence due to Britain not respecting
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"Independence of Latin America" In the 1800’s‚ Latin American countries won independence‚ but many new independent countries had trouble creating strong‚ stable governments. The Creoles played an important role in the independent movements. These countries won their independence through strong leaders and many other factors. As soon as these countries won their independence from Spain and Portugal‚ they did not want to return the way they did. Many countries revolted‚ we even find out that the
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After independence (1962-1999) The Evian Accords which were signed in 1962 giving Algeria immediate independence and French aid to help reconstruct the country. The French Sahara with its oil resources was also handed over to Algeria. In return the FLN guaranteed protection and civil rights for the French Algerians choosing to remain in the country‚ and the option of choosing either French or Algerian nationality after three years. Eight years of war had shattered Algeria. There had been more
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Independence Day of India Respected teachers and my friends‚ I wish you a happy Independence Day. India became independent on August 15‚ 1947... A moment comes‚ which comes but rarely in history‚ when we step out from the old to the new…India discovers herself again." - J.L.Nehru On the eve of India’s independence‚ Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru famous speech “Tryst with Destiny” marked the beginning of a free India with words symbolizing hope and triumph. India got its independence from the
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It took many years of frustration in the colonies for the idea to declare their independence came about. Once the fighting had started at Lexington and Concord‚ congress debated whether or not the fight with England could still be resolved. The idea of independence was popular in many places (very prominent in the northeastern colonies)‚ but somewhat foreign to people in the southern colonies. Delegates from 12 of the 13 colonies congregated in Philadelphia to discuss the matter of separation from
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Independance‚ Identity‚ and Acceptance is essential in everyday life‚ it has always had a significance‚ a meaning to us adults as we try to understand it. From the first day we’re born‚ our minds are always active‚ leading us to our independence‚ acceptance‚ and our identity. Independence has always been a reason for us to better ourselves‚ it’s dealing with real life problems‚ to make sure we are ready for the world and not rely on someone other than yourself. While our identity is to find yourself because
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