Clinical assessment and causes Haemoptysis is a common and non-specific feature of many lung diseases. It can be a sign of significant underlying lung disease. In up to one-third of cases‚ no cause will be found. An early assessment of the likely underlying cause needs to be made and investigated accordingly. Diagnostic approach to haemoptysis Small volume haemoptysis is a commonly encountered problem in the out-patient department. It can be safely and efficiently investigated as an out-patient
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It is considered cost-effective in terms of INR regulation and safer with regards to complications. Moreover‚ analysis of selected subpopulations (heart valve implantation ‚ mitral and/or aortic mechanical ‚aortic and/or other aneurysm) shows that patient self-testing brings the most significant cost savings‚ especially for those oral anticoagulation therapy (OAT) patient segments .Test strips can be stored at room temperature. The Coaguchek XS device is a portable
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Chapter 12: Cardiovascular System 12.1 3 types of blood vessels * Arteries: carry blood away from the heart to the capillaries * Capillaries: permit exchange of material with the tissues * Veins: return blood from the capillaries to the heart. Arteries Wall has 3 layers * Endothelium: inner layer‚ made up of simple squamous epithelium‚ with a connective tissue basement membrane that has elastic fibers. * Middle layer: thickest later and consists of smooth muscle that can
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Born in Ulm Württemberg Germany in 1879‚ Albert Einstein developed the special and general theories of relativity. At the age of 19 s In 1921‚ he won the noble prize for physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect. He even helped create the atomic bomb! ‚ because of these accomplishments Einstein is generally considered the most influential scientist of all time. Albert Einstein grew up in a middle class Jewish family. Albert Einstein’s mother was a Jewish woman by the name of Pauline
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Many diseases or disorders has caused a great effect on human body‚ disturbing millions of human hearts and lives. As every disease or injury has a cause and effect‚ Familial Mediterranean has also its symptoms‚ effects on the human body‚ and its signs. Familial Mediterranean Fever is an explosive disorder that causes frequent fevers and painful infection of your abdomen‚ lungs and joints. Familial fever is an inherited disorder that usually occurs in people of Mediterranean origin- including Sephardic
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p16ink4a (also called Cdkn2a) is one of cancers and aging biomarkers involved in regulating cell cycle which is suppressed in early embryogenesis and progressively induced during ageing. At the present study‚ to investigate the evolutionary relationship of p16ink4a in human respect to other organisms‚ clustalx‚ GENEDOC and Tree view softwares and for investigation of gene network and various promoter elements of p16ink4a gene‚ genemania and Gene2promoter sorfwares were used‚ respectively. Regarding
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The nurse is performing her admission assessment of a patient. When grading arterial pulses‚ a 1+ pulse indicates: Above normal perfusion. Absent perfusion. Normal perfusion. Diminished perfusion. Murmurs that indicate heart disease are often accompanied by other symptoms such as: Dyspnea on exertion. Subcutaneous emphysema. Thoracic petechiae. Periorbital edema. Which pregnancy-related physiologic change would place the patient with a history of cardiac disease at the greatest risk of
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Physical Exam Study Guides ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● Vital Signs Head and Neck Exam Eye Exam Chest and Lung Exam Cardiovascular Exam Abdominal Exam Back and Extremity Exam Neurologic Exam Vital Signs ● ● ● ● ● ● ● Equipment Needed General Considerations Temperature Respiration Pulse ❍ Interpretation Blood Pressure ❍ Interpretation Notes Equipment Needed ● ● ● ● A Stethoscope A Blood Pressure Cuff A Watch Displaying Seconds A Thermometer General Considerations ● ● ● The patient should not have had
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ANATOMY OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM: STOMACH & SMALL INTESTINE SCHOOL OF HEALTH SCIENCES HEALTH CAMPUS UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA OBJECTIVES At the end of this lecture‚ the students should understand: 1) Introduction to Lower Gastrointestinal (GI) Tract 2) Gross Anatomy of Stomach 3) Relations Blood Supply‚ Lymphatic Drainage & Nerve Relations‚ Supply Supply of Stomach 4) Gross Anatomy of Small Intestine 5) Bl d Supply‚ Lymphatic Drainage & Nerve Supply of Blood S l L h i D i N S l f
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2.3. Pulsatile Flow Pulsatile flow is such a flow that varies with time. Another property of pulsatile flow is that it is usually periodic in nature that is‚ a specific flow pattern is repeated over time. This type of flow can be found in the cardiovascular system of chordate animals‚ where the heart produces the pulsatile flow [9]. The phenomenon of de-polarization and re-polarization of atria and ventricles is an example to produce pulsatile flow in human hearts. An electrocardiogram (ECG) plot
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