on research and development have also become broader each day. Controversies have also emerged and one of the most discussed topics has been directed towards synthetic versus natural colorants. Food pigments are classified based on its origin or source; natural or synthetic. Synthetic food pigments are those substances that are needed to be tested for toxicity and allergenicity before
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TRANSFORMATIONS OF TEXT Hamlet and RAGAD Summary Notes ------------------------------------------------- HAMLET Themes- fundamental and often universal ideas explored in a text. Motifs- Recurring structures‚ contrasts‚ or literary devices that can help to develop and inform a responder of the texts major themes. Symbols- Objects‚ character‚ figures or colours used to represent abstract ideas or concepts. Caesura- Expectant atmospherical pause. Dichotomy- The division into two
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separation and purification‚ an Infrared Spectrum will be run to determine the composition of the recovered material. Infrared Spectroscopy is a very powerful technique used in the determination of molecular structure and the identification of unknown organic materials. The infrared spectrum yields direct information about the presence or absence of key functional groups. "The region of the infrared spectrum which is of greatest interest to organic
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CHAPTER 8 ABSORPTION AND VARIABLE COSTING Learning Objectives 1. Explain the accounting treatment of fixed manufacturing overhead under absorption and variable costing. 2. Prepare an income statement under absorption costing. 3. Prepare an income statement under variable costing. 4. Reconcile reported income under absorption and variable costing. 5. Explain the implications of absorption and variable costing for cost-volume-profit analysis. 6. Evaluate absorption and variable
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MARGINAL AND ABSORPTION COSTING Marginal costing is a technique in which production units are valued at marginal cost of production and fixed costs are written off as period costs. It follows that‚ stocks are valued using only the variable cost of production whereas fixed costs are treated as relating to the period and must be taken off in total. Management accounting is based on marginal costing. TERMINOLOGY USED. Gross contribution: Is the difference between sales value and variable costs
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on Earth has evolved to us life to its advantage to survive. If you were to take a prism and put light to it‚ it can slow light down by a fraction by revealing its much more colourful side. This is commonly known as the visible light spectrum. On one end of the spectrum you have red and on the other you have Violet. Red is red because its wavelengths are larger and has a larger Frequency. A frequency is the level of energy is it giving off and is determined by its wavelength‚ the larger the wavelength
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Digestion/ Absorption and Homeostasis In order to survive‚ our bodies must bring in energy and nutrients for the cells of the body through eating and digestion of food. To be carried to the cells of the body by the blood stream‚ food must be broken down to molecules. This breaking down of food into molecules‚ small enough to be absorbed into and carried through the blood stream‚ is carried out by the digestive system through the process of digestion and absorption. Digestion is the process of
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PLANTS Plants in Our Daily Life A plant(also called green plants) is a multi-cellular living organism‚member of kingdom Plantae.It is at the base of the food web and are Autotrophs.Plants are considered as backbone of all life on Earth and essential resource for living oragnisms.Plants can be reffered as a factory which processes light into energy and manufactures food for it ownself as well as for other living things.Scientists have foundmore than 270‚000 spieces of plants They include a host of
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Electromagnetic Spectrum 299‚792‚458 m/s – speed of light 186‚282 mile/s Speed of light = WL x Frequency C=(^)(v) Wavelength sa Electric field Band Designations: ELF- extreme low – 3-30hz SLF- super – 30-300hz ULF- ultra – 300hz-3khz VLF – very – (Vice Versa) LF – low MF – medium HF – VHF – UHF – SHF – EHF – 30-300ghz Standard Frequency JJY- japan – 40khz‚ 60khz MSF – Rugby‚England – 60khz‚5km‚3.1miles) WWVB‚ Colorado‚USA (60khz) HBG – Switzerland (75khz) DCF77 – main‚Germany (77.5khz) LORAN-
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Separation of Photosynthetic Pigment by Paper Chromatography I. INTRODUCTION There are different types of components in plant pigments. The most important and abundant chemical pigment found in plants is chlorophyll. This pigment exists in two forms; chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b. Chlorophyll a‚ being the main photosynthetic pigment‚ has a primary purpose to convert light energy to chemical energy used by the plant itself. Chlorophyll b absorbs light in a region of the spectrum apart from the dominant
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