Abstract: In this experiment the conversion of alcohols to alkyl halides are investigated through reflux and simple distillation. These are common procedures used to separate substances. After the reflux and distillation is complete 13C NMR and IR spectrum is used to identify the product or products for each reaction: 1a‚ 1b‚ and 2. Every individual in the group was assigned either 1a (1-propanol) or 1b (2-pentanol)‚ and 2 (1‚4-dimethyl-3-pentanol). The purpose of this experiment was to understand
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Emission Spectroscopy The purpose of this lab was to see that when elements are heated‚ they may enter and excited state. We proved this by doing a flame test. During Part A‚ we used a spectroscope where all of the colors are arranged for you; whereas in Part B‚ we could see and make the colors ourselves and get a more accurate reading of the flames. We had specific elements we were told to put on the wire loop‚ and when we did that we saw different color flames come out of the Bunsen burner. That
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the area of natural pigments is divided based on their interest to five main potential topics: 1. The first topic is dealing with the chemical composition and the factors influencing that composition. 2. Second topic is concerned with increasing the yield of the pigment by searching the existing plant and microbial sources in addition to alternative microbial and plant sources. 3. The third topic is dealing with improving the stability and bioavailability of the natural pigments. So far‚ limited natural
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1 Performance Study of Multimedia Services Using Virtual Token Mechanism for Resource Allocation in LTE Networks Mauricio Iturralde∗ ‚ Tara Ali Yahiya† ‚ Anne Wei‡ and André-Luc Beylot∗ de Toulouse‚ IRIT/ENSEEIHT Université Paris Sud 11‚ LRI ‡ CNAM‚ Laboratoire Cédric {mauricio.iturralde‚ andre-luc.beylot} @enseeiht.fr tara.ali-yahiya@u-psud.fr‚ anne.wei@cnam.fr † ∗ Université Abstract—The LTE specification provides QoS of multimedia services with fast connectivity‚ high mobility and security
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wavelength — the distance between the crests of the waves — or its frequency — the number of crests that pass by in a given amount of time.The higher the energy of the radiation‚ the shorter its wavelength and the higher its frequency will be. Blue light‚ for example‚ has a higher energy and therefore a higher frequency and shorter wavelength than red light Flame tests are used to identify the presence of a relatively small number of metal ions in a compound. Not all metal ions give flame colours
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PAPER – 5 : ADVANCED MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING QUESTIONS Marginal Costing Vs. Absorption Costing 1. During the current period‚ ABC Ltd sold 60‚000 units of product at Rs. 30 per unit. At the beginning for the period‚ there were 10‚000 units in inventory and ABC Ltd manufactured 50‚000 units during the period. The manufacturing costs and selling and administrative expenses were as follows: Total cost Rs. Beginning inventory: Direct materials Direct labour Variable factory overhead Fixed factory overhead
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RESPIRATORY PIGMENTS Colored‚ metal-containing proteins that combine reversibly with oxygen‚ found in the body fluids or tissues of multi-cellular invertebrate animals and microorganisms. The role of these pigments is primarily to aid in the transport of molecular oxygen. Thus they are distinguished from respiratory enzymes‚ which are concerned with the metabolic consumption of oxygen. Four distinctly colored groups of respiratory pigments exist among invertebrates: hemoglobins (purple‚ become orange-red
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Plant Pigment Lab Question: What pigments are present in Red Wandering Jews? Background: A leaf is filled with many pigments. The pigments are usually masked by the prevalence of the green chlorophyll. Anothocyanin(red or purple)‚ carotene(orange)‚ and xanthrophyll(yellow) are found in different proportions in different leaves. Leaf pigments can be separated by using paper chromatography. Paper chromatography is a technique that extracts pigments into a paper filter called chromatogram. What are
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A pigment is a natural coloring matter that usually comes from a plant or animal. Today‚ there are synthetic pigments with the advancement of technology‚ but during the Italian Renaissance they did not have these luxuries. They had to obtain their pigment naturally. There were different classifications of pigment‚ each producing a different desired color. The material that contained the desired pigment had to be grinded very finely‚ and then the pigment would need to be added to a base to create
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Internal Structure Of A Plant PLANT CELL STRUCTURE Plant cells are classed as eukaryotes organisms‚ because they have a membrane enclosed nuclei and organelles. Here is a diagram of a plant cell;  Cytoplasm Most chemical reactions take place here. It helps the cell maintain it’s shape. Nucleus The nucleus has two main roles. Firstly it contains all the cells genetic information. Secondly it coordinates the cell’s activities‚ which include growth‚ intermediary metabolism‚ protein synthesis
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