SUBJECT: Accounting fraud at WorldCom Problem Statement WorldCom penetrated the largest accounting fraud in U.S history by overstating its tax income between 1999 and 2002. The main players in WorldCom’s accounting fraud included CFO Scott Sullivan‚ the General Accounting and Internal Audit departments‚ external auditor Arthur Andersen‚ and the board of directors. While individuals did have their own sins‚ employees cowardice and self-interested‚ the board passive and ineffective‚ external auditors
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Review sheet Test 2 Chapters 4 & 5 (33 Multiple choice) Chapter 4 ▪ Definitions or calculations presentation on financial statements- Net Sales‚ COGS‚ gross profit‚ selling and administrative expenses o Sale - sale discount = Net sales o Net sale – COGS = Gross profit o Sale discount + net sale= sale o Sale – net sale = sale dis o Net sale – gross profit= COGS New asset -> inventory Expense -> COGS Revenue -> sales Contra revenue (debit)
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this chapter‚ you should be able to: 1. Identify the characteristics of the joint production process. 2. Allocate joint product costs according to the benefits-received approaches and the relative market value approaches. 3. Describe methods of accounting for by-products. 4. Explain why joint cost allocations may be misleading in management decision making. 5. Discuss why joint production is seldom found in service industries. This chapter describes the joint production processes and their outputs—joint
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(a) Briefly explain what prompted some countries over the world to strongly advocate harmonization of accounting. The important reasons which necessitate harmonization of accounting practices are well contained in the observation made by Saudagaran. “While the initial efforts at harmonization were mainly championed by political bodies and professional accounting organizations‚ current pressures to harmonize are driven by investor groups who use financial statements‚ multinational companies which
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Since the barrage of scandals in the early 2000’s‚ regulatory bodies like the Federal Accounting Standards Board (FASB)‚ Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)‚ and law reform like the Sarbanes-Oxley Act 2002 have worked to improve the standards and principles used in accounting and financial reporting. The FASB is “the designated organization in the private sector for establishing standards of financial accounting that govern the preparation of financial reports by nongovernmental organizations‚”
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CHAPTER 2 AN INTRODUCTION TO COST TERMS AND PURPOSES 2-1 A cost object is anything for which a separate measurement of costs is desired. Examples include a product‚ a service‚ a project‚ a customer‚ a brand category‚ an activity‚ and a department. 2-2 Direct costs of a cost object are related to the particular cost object and can be traced to that cost object in an economically feasible (cost-effective) way. Indirect costs of a cost object are related to the particular cost object but cannot
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Managerial Accounting Overview BA 115 Management Accounting Measures‚ analyzes‚ and reports financial and non financial information non-financial that helps managers make decisions to fulfill the goals of an organization organization. Activity IFRS/IAS-based Financial Reports Generally‚ cannot be used for the day-to-day d t d goals of the managers. Financial vs Managerial Acctg MANAGERIAL Primary users Focus and emphasis Rules of measurement and reporting Level of detail Managers
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Financial and Management Accounting-2 ASSIGNMENT Marks: 10 Question: Due to erratic sales of its sole product-a high-capacity battery for laptop computers-PEM‚ Inc.‚ has been experiencing difficulty for some time. The company’s contribution format income statement for the most recent month is given below: Sales (19‚500 units*$30 per unit) $585‚000 Variable expenses 409‚500 Contribution margin 175‚500 Fixed expenses 180‚000 Net operating
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typically a short summary of the contents of the document. Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document.] compaq [Type the company name] [Pick the date] Contents Concept of Cost Accounting……………………………………………………………………03 Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………..03 Traditional costing v/s activity based costing…………………………………………………..04 Need for an Activity Based Costing……………………………………………………………06 Stages in Activity Based Costing……………………………………………………………
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Historical cost accounting Advantages • Historical cost accounts are straightforward to produce • Historical cost accounts do not record gains until they are realized • Historical cost accounts are still used in most accounting systems Disadvantages • Historical cost accounts give no indication of current values of the assets of a business • Historical cost accounts do not record the opportunity costs of the use of older assets‚ particularly property which may be recorded at a value based
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