ACCOUNTING NOTES FOR MY PERSONAL USE 4/12/2013 ELISHA VERIWA | Introduction to Accounting Accountancy is the process of communicating financial information about a business entity to users (stakeholders) such as shareholders and managers (Elliot‚ Barry & Elliot‚ Jamie: Financial accounting and reporting). Accounting has been defined as: * the art of recording‚ classifying‚ and summarizing in a significant manner and in terms of money‚ transactions and events which are‚ in part at least
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1.1. Equations and Graphs In each of problems 1 - 4‚ find (a) an ordered pair that is a solution of the equation‚ (b) the intercepts of the graph‚ and (c) determine if the graph has symmetry. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Once a car is driven off of the dealership lot‚ it loses a significant amount of its resale value. The graph below shows the depreciated value of a BMW versus that of a Chevy after years. Which of the following statements is the best conclusion about the data? a. You should
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of operations is a rule to clarify confusion that may occur in an equation that has multiple different operations. This rule of Order of Operations states we must solve a complex equation by complete the operations in this order: Parenthesis‚ Exponents‚ Multiplication‚ Division‚ Addition‚ and Subtraction. We can remember this by this mnemonic: Pink‚ Eyes‚ May‚ Doubt‚ Anyone’s‚ Style. *** This will happen if we take this equation and NOT follow the Order of Operation*** 4+ 2 x 3 = If I did not
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Accounting: Topic 6: Analysis And Interpretation Of Financial Statements (Part 2) Capital Structure Analysis Proportion of debt financing relative to equity financing (=gearing or leverage) * Reflects the entity’s financing decisions * Investments in assets are funded externally by liabilities‚ or internally by owner’s as shown in accounting equation (A=L+OE) Debt to equity ratio: Total liabilities/ Total equity x 100=x% Debt ratio: Total liabilities/ Total asset x 100=x%
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The sun by definition is the star that is "the central body of the solar system‚ around which the planets revolve and from which they receive light and heat." This self-luminous star is not only the largest object in the solar system containing 99.8 percent of the total mass but is also a fundamental necessity to every human and living thing’s life. The position of the in relationship to the sun‚ Earth determines the time of the year or season. The problem states "assume that at this time of
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Partial degradation of glucose Uses no O2 Yields some ATP Cellular respiration Complete degradation to CO2 and H2O Requires O2 = aerobic Yields much more ATP 2. Describe the summary equation for cellular respiration. Also note the specific chemical equation for the degradation of glucose. Organic compounds + O2 è CO2 + H2O + energy C6H12O6 + 6O2 è 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy (ΔG = -686 kcal/mol) Redox reactions: Oxidation and Reduction
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HISTORY OF ACCOUNTING LEARNING OUTCOMES Understand the history of accounting dating from prehistoric times to written record keeping. Identify the seven preconditions for the emergence of systematic book keeping. Know Luca Pacioll contributions in introducing double entry book keeping. Accounting is a tool‚ invented by humankind‚ to fulfill needs of society. Unlike the explorers of the past who discovered new lands‚ accounting cannot in any true sense be said to have been discovered
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Solving Exponential and Logarithmic Equations Exponential Equations (variable in exponent position) 1. Isolate the exponential portion ( base exp onent ): Move all non-exponential factors or terms to the other side of the equation. 2. Take ln or log of each side of the equation. • Make sure to use ln if the base is “e”. Then remember that ln e = 1 . • Make sure to use log if the base is 10. • If the base is neither “e” nor “10”‚ use either ln or log‚ your choice.. 3. Bring the power (exponent)
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mathematics at a deeper level. Review of homogeneous equations The homogeneous constant coefficient linear equation an y (n) +· · ·+a1 y +a0 y = 0 has the characteristic polynomial an rn +· · ·+a1 r+a0 = 0. From the roots r1 ‚ . . . ‚ rn of the polynomial we can construct the solutions y1 ‚ . . . ‚ yn ‚ such as y1 = er1 x . We can also rewrite the equation in a weird-looking but useful way‚ using the symbol d D = dx . Examples: equation: y − 5y + 6y = 0. polynomial: r2 − 5r + 6 = 0. (factored):
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of -1. Straight Lines: Equation of a straight line is y = mx + c‚ where m = gradient‚ c = y-intercept. The equation of a line‚ if we know one point and the gradient is found using: (y - y1) = m(x - x1) (If given two points‚ find the gradient first‚ and then use the formula.) Two lines meet at the solution to their simultaneous equations. Note: When a line meets a curve there will be 0‚ 1‚ or two solutions. 1. Use substitution to solve the simultaneous equations 2. Rearrange them to form a quadratic equation
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