According to Accounting Theory: Contemporary Accounting Issues by Evans‚ accountants have developed two alternative approaches to accounting for income taxes‚ which are the cash method and the allocation method. The cash method is described as a simple and direct approach. The amount of income taxes actually paid for the year is reported on the Income Statement. The amount comes from the firm ’s income tax return and fit is not adjusted in any way. Therefore‚ the firm ’s actual transaction to
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Journal of Accounting and Economics 35 (2003) 347–376 Management of the loss reserve accrual and the distribution of earnings in the property-casualty insurance industry$ William H. Beaver‚ Maureen F. McNichols‚ Karen K. Nelson* Department of Accounting‚ Graduate School of Business‚ Stanford University‚ Stanford‚ CA 94305‚ USA Received 2 March 2002; received in revised form 14 January 2003; accepted 27 January 2003 Abstract We document that property-casualty insurers with small positive earnings
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2.0 Ratio analysis The next will introduce the Mulberry’s and its competitor—Burberry’s financial ratios from their financial statements from 2010-2012. 2.1 Profitability analysis 2.1.1 Net profit margin Table 2.1 Mulberry and Burberry’s net profit margin Net profit margin | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | Mulberry | 4.12% | 14.03% | 15.02% | Burberry | 6.42% | 13.74% | 14.27% | Data source: Mulberry’s and Burberry’s 2010-2012 annual reports From Table 2.1 it can find that Mulberry’s net profit
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Capital Structure Analysis Formula Debt-to-Equity Ratio = Total Liabilities / Equity. Formula Interest Coverage Ratio = Non-current Liabilities / Cash Flow from operations Formula Debt Coverage Ratio = Earnings Before Interest and Tax / Net Finance Expense Analysis The debt-to-equity ratios indicate how risky the firms are. It measures the extent that the assets of a firm are financed by its debts and equity. Lower values of debt-to-equity ratio are favorable indicating the firm
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and have been asked to mentor you since you are a new accounting clerk in my accounting department. There are a few things that I need to go over with you that you need to know and remember. The first thing is I will explain why adjusting entries are necessary. Next‚ I will describe the 4 types of adjusting entries and provide a manufacturing industry example of each. Then‚ describe how these entries would be recorded in a computerized accounting system. Lastly‚ I will describe two ethical issues that
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Recently‚ fair value accounting suffers heated debate because the financial crisis. The purpose of this article is to evaluate and understand fair value both in literature analysis and practice. This paper emphasizes the advantages and disadvantages of the fair value measurement. Proponents believe that fair value can provide timely information that reflects current financial market conditions‚ and information supplied is reliable. On the other hand‚ critics argue that fair value accounting results the problem
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Accounting Cycle Paper Acc 421 Date Accounting Cycle Paper Accounting is a financial information system designed to record‚ classify‚ report‚ and interpret financial data. The accrual concepts states that accounting income is measured by matching the expenses incurred in a given accounting period with the revenues earned in that period. The accounting cycle is 6 steps. The accounting cycle is a logical series of steps that accountants follow to keep necessary accounting records
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The accounting cycle refers to the process by which companies produce their financial statements for a specific period of time. It is called a cycle because the steps are repeated each reporting period. The organization at which I am employed completes its accounting cycle monthly. The organization is a privately owned nursing facility licensed and incorporated in the state of Virginia that has been in business since 1966. An explanation of the overall accounting cycle at the organization including
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What are the major limitations of Financial Accounting? Explain with the help of Examples. What are the alternatives to overcome these limitations? Financial accounting can be defined as reporting of the financial position and performance of a firm through financial statements issued to the external users on a periodic basis. It is a field of finance that treats money as a means of measuring economic performance instead of treating it as a factor of production. It encompasses the entire system
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CheckPoint: Accrual and Cash Accounting XACC/290 August 11‚ 2013 Week Three CheckPoint: Accrual and Cash Accounting Accrual and cash-based accounting offer two different styles of tracking the flow of money in a business. Each serves a purpose and to understand this idea one must first realize the how one varies from the other. Accrual-based accounting can be described as any transaction that changes a company’s financial statement is recorded in the accounting period the transaction was recorded
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