Chapter 7 – Internal control Internal control – steps taken by business to prevent fraud – misappropriation of assets and fraudulent financial reporting‚ COSO defines IC as means to an end Achievements of objectives in the area of financial reporting‚ operations‚ compliance with law and regulations Foreign corrupt practices act: Transactions authorized with the knowledge of and authorization of management Means of achieving internal control – preventive control – prevents fraud ex: segregation
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Generally‚ every organization’s performance could be enhanced if they have a sound internal control system. Internal control sys has two subcategories: A) Control environment B) Control procedures and policies @ control activities Control environment is abt attitude of board n mgt‚ whether they have integrity(honesty) and value the importance of running a sound internal control system. So‚ if their attitude is good‚ they will raise awareness and foster good attitude among ppl in the org
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Internal & Managerial Control “Internal (Management) Control is the set of accounting & administrative controls and practices that help ensure that approved and appropriate decisions are made in an organization” * in other words‚ to make sure that the right thing happens and the wrong thing does not happen‚ either purposely or accidentally Why Internal Control? 1. To safeguard the assets against waste‚ loss & misuse 2. Check the accuracy and reliability of accounting data
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provides pest control services and sells extermination products manufactured by other companies. The following six-column table contains the company’s unadjusted trial balance as of December 31‚ 2011. BUG-OFF EXTERMINATORS December 31‚ 2011 Unadjusted Trial Balance Cash 17‚000 Accounts receivable 4‚000 Allowance for doubtful accounts 828 Merchandise inventory 11‚700 Trucks 32‚000 Accum. depreciation-Trucks - Equipment 45‚000 Accum. depreciation-Equipment 12‚200 Accounts payable 5‚000
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J1 Date Account Titles and Explanation Ref. Debit Credit 2014 Cash 101 20‚000 May. 1 Common stock 311 20‚000 (Issued shares of stock for cash) 3 Supplies 126 1‚500 Accounts Payable 201 1‚500 (Purchased supplies on account
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Introduction to Control Accounts • Trade receivables are reported as a current asset and trade payables are reported as current liability in the balance sheet at the end of an accounting period. • It is important‚ therefore‚ that a business taken steps to ensure the accuracy of these figures. • One such step is the preparation of Control account to confirm that the total of the sales ledger balances and the total of the purchases ledger balances are accurate What is Control Account? •
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4. Organisation background Inkwell Limited is a manufacturer of re-cycle inkjet and laser toner printer cartridges. Inkwell Limited printer cartridge is widely applicable. The main commercial focus is on strong retail market that demand cheaper and greener products Inkwell Ltd has a couple of small main suppliers that produce 4.1 Inkwell Limited is a limited company‚ established in 2003. The head office and
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RUNNING HEAD: Internal Control for Inflows Internal Control for Inflows ACC/ 544 Internal Control for Inflows Internal controls are important to a business. The internal controls provide a safeguard against errors in the accounting system as well as the detection and prevention of fraud. With the inflows of the company come many risks that need to be considered. The ways in which cash‚ sales‚ accounts receivable‚ inventory‚ and production are handled within the company are different for
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Inc. has been hired to review Auto Parts Inc. company functions. The consulting firm reviewed the cash‚ sales‚ accounts receivable‚ inventory and production functions. Based on this review‚ the consulting firm has prepared a proposal of internal controls for each function of the company. This proposal will give a background of each function and a list of the proposed internal controls. Cash Auto Parts Inc. manufactures and sells auto parts to car dealerships as well as the general public. Cash
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Key Controls | Transaction-Related Audit Objective | Test of Control | Substantive Test of Transaction | 1. Segregation of the purchasing‚ receiving‚ and cash disbursements functions. | Job responsibilities are correctly divided amongst personnel (classification). | Employ different personnel and have sign offs to ensure that no one person is performing multiple functions to prevent any types of fraud. | Trace a purchase order (PO) from fulfillment to initiation to determine if the proper
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