[This Article appeared in the American Scientist (Nov-Dec 1990)‚ Volume 78‚ 550-558. Retyped and posted with permission.] The Science of Scientific Writing If the reader is to grasp what the writer means‚ the writer must understand what the reader needs George D. Gopen and Judith A. Swan* *George D. Gopen is associate professor of English and Director of Writing Programs at Duke University. He holds a Ph.D. in English from Harvard University and a J.D. from Harvard Law School. Judith A. Swan
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Audit Working Papers Presented By: Kanza Masood Presented To: Miss Iram Butt Semester: Semester 6 Date: 18th Feb’13 Course: Audit Internal Control ------------------------------------------------- Audit working papers Audit working papers are the documents which record all audit evidence obtained during financial statements auditing‚ internal management auditing‚ information systems auditing‚ and investigations. Audit working papers are used to support the audit work done in order to provide assurance
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Marketing Audit Template Every existing business should undergo an internal or external Marketing Audit at least every 3 or 4 years. The Marketing audit is a review of its past marketing strategies. A Marketing Audit will identify whether the Marketing Strategy needs to be changed and identify the direction of where the company needs to go. Stark Reality provides clients with two types of very cost effective Marketing Audit options: 1. Do It Yourself – We’ll Check it and provide a Recommendation
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is relevant for supporting or refusing the assertion 3. Select and perform procedures of obtaining the evidence 4. Evaluate the evidence and decide whether management assertions correspond to reality and GAAP - Objectivity – an objective state of mind – intellectual honesty and impartiality. Having a lack of bias in designing and performing the audit work. - Due professional care – observance of the rules of professional ethics and CAS. Doing the work to the best of your ability
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Objectives of the communication audit exercise What is Company communicating? Are these communications effective? These are the two main questions that have been stated from the start. A Communication Audit will answer these questions. A Communication Audit is a method of research that helps to determine the strengths and weaknesses of current internal and external communication. Our task was: • To understand the internal structure of chosen organization (nature of organization) • To
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AUDIT PLANNING AND CONTROL 1.0 LEARNING OBJECTIVES After studying this chapter‚ readers should be able to understand: ! The general concept of audit strategy. ! The Importance of audit strategy as an effective plan for an audit. ! Internal control systems‚ evaluation and assessment. ! Audit documentation. ! Relationship with experts. ! Audit risks and its relative importance to audit. ! Components of audit risks. ! How to assess audit risks. 1.1 INTRODUCTION Auditing has developed over many years
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execution of the strategy at various stages First you have to decide how you are going to tackle the audit. That’s the big picture. It could be that you decide there are no good internal controls. Your strategy would then be to not do any TOCs and concentrate on substantive procedures. Having decided that then you have to plan how you will use substantive procedures to get sufficient appropriate audit evidence. If your strategy is not to do any tests of control‚ then the detailed plan will take that
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eventually drawn into Livent’s fraudulent schemes by its principal architects‚ including Maria Messina‚ the company’s chief financial officer (CFO). Messina‚ a former partner with Deloitte & Touche’s Canadian affiliate‚ had previously served as Livent’s audit engagement partner. The fraud unraveled following Livent’s takeover by an investment group led by Hollywood mogul Michael Ovitz. The new management team installed by Ovitz soon found that “massive‚ systematic irregularities” permeated the company’s
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Bachelor Programmes August 3‚ 2009 1 Introduction In the study guide on ELEUM it says: The Bachelor thesis in the form of a capstone assignment concludes year 3 of the Bachelor’s programme. The capstone assignment is an individual assignment of 4 ECTS. The aim is to demonstrate your mastery of domain of study in an assignment that integrates your acquired knowledge and skills. This guideline gives a detailed description of organizational aspects and explains what matters for a good capstone
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cause the audit team to have substantial doubt about Fast Go ability to continue as a going concern‚ what is the next step the audit team needs to perform? The next step that the audit needs to perform are‚ the audit team must seek information about management’s plans to mitigate all the problem that Fast Go suffer for example the debt‚ the competition and etc. Besides‚ the audit team also must assess the likelihood that such plans can be successfully implemented. Furthermore‚ the audit team also
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