For every kilogram of banana peels (Cavendish or saba)‚ add 170 g of sugar‚ 225 g vinegar (starter liquor)‚ 0.879 g bakers yeast‚ 907 g water‚ and 7.05 g ammonium sulfite. II. Procedure Vinegar making is a fermentation of sugar into acetic acid. This fermentation for vinegar production from banana peelings would make use of the stored sugar or starch in the banana peels. First‚ the banana peelings are collected and washed with tap water to remove any intact dirt. Rotary knife cutter
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Jennifer Everett Phase 4 DB Instructor: Clement Yedjou 3/10/2015 Acid rain Acid rain is a result of air pollution that is harmful to the environment‚ generally caused by fuels being burnt. When any type of fuel is burnt‚ many different chemicals are produced. These gases that are released react with the water in clouds‚ and the rain from these clouds is acid rain. This type of acid disposition can appear in many other forms besides just rain‚ such as sleet‚ snow‚ and fog (Editorial Board‚ 2013)
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esterification reaction. Fischer esterification is an acid-catalyzed condensation of an alcohol and a carboxylic acid‚ yielding an ester and water. Isopentyl Acetate has the scent of banana oil‚ once synthesized it will be purified by distillation. Then the analysis of the sample using H NMR and IR will determine purity of the product. Reaction Scheme: Mechanism: Fischer esterification is the acid catalyzed condensation of an alcohol and a carboxylic acid‚ where it is protonated at the carbonyl oxygen
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The Stereochemistry of Bromine Addition: Bromination of trans-Cinnamic Acid Pitak Chuawong Objectives 1. To perform bromination of trans-‐cinnamic acid 2. To investigate stereochemistry of bromination reaction Introduction Alkenes undergo electrophilic addition to give alkyl halides. When bromine is used as a
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Exp’t 84 Synthesis of Methyl Benzoate by Fisher Esterification from K. L. Williamson‚ Macroscale and Microscale Organic Experiments‚ 2nd Ed. 1994‚ Houghton Mifflin‚ Boston p385 Revised 10/15/03 Prelab Exercise: Give the detailed mechanism for the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of methyl benzoate. Introduction: The ester group is an important functional group that can be synthesized in a number of different ways. The low-molecular-weight esters have very pleasant odors and indeed are the major components
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"Propionic Acid & Derivatives Market By Applications (Animal Feed & Grain Preservatives‚ Food Preservatives‚ Herbicides‚ Cellulose Acetate Propionate) & Geography – Global Trends & Forecasts To 2018”‚ defines and segments the global propionic acid market with an analysis and forecasting of the global consumption volume. Browse 90 market data tables and 30 figures spread through 228 pages and in-depth TOC on "Propionic Acid & Derivatives Market By Applications (Animal Feed & Grain Preservatives
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Nitric acid is a highly reactive oxidizing agent used in making fertilizers‚ explosives‚ and rocket fuels‚ and in a wide variety of industrial metallurgical processes. It is also a component of acid rain. Its chemical formula is HNO3 and it has been known as “aqua fortis”‚ which means strong water‚ to alchemists. It is a transparent‚ colorless to yellowish‚ fuming corrosive liquid. Nitric acid is a strong acid and therefore it completely dissociates in water. It has a gravity of 1.41 and the concentration
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18 acids and 10 other compounds. Acids were the most volatile compounds in 14 fish sauce samples. Volatile acid class represents the major constituents for the sauce samples and can be produced as a result of either lipolysis or from amino acid metabolism in terms of valine deamination [13]. Volatile compounds in the most of samples were identified trimethylamine (TMA)‚ acetone‚ 1-propanol‚ acetic acid‚ 2-butanone‚ benzene‚ propanoic acid‚ 3-methyl-1-butanol‚ 2-methyl-1-butanol‚ butanoic acid‚ 2-methyl
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= 0.005/0.04025 = 0.124 M (3 sf) b) Volumetric pipette c) – rinsed with distilled water first to remove any impurities. Ensured all of the inner suface of the pipette was rinsed. – then rinsed with solution to be transferred i.e. acetic acid solution. – filled up the pipette (with the tip well into the solution) so that the bottom of the meniscus was sitting on the calibration mark. – transferred solution into conical flask‚ resting the tip on the inner neck of the flask
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and these comprise only 20 kinds of amino acids in various combinations. These 20 kinds of amino acids are essential to the body. In addition to being the materials for proteins‚ they are used as an energy source for the body as necessary. Further‚ each amino acid plays an important and unique role in the body. The list below shows the role of each amino acid. | Valine Leucine Isoleucine | All of these 3 amino acids are called branched chain amino acid(BCAAs). They perform the important functions
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