Acid-Base Calculations The Ion-Product Constant for Water‚ Kw Water undergoes ionization to a small extent: H20(l) H+(aq) + OH–(aq) The equilibrium constant for the reaction is the ion-product constant for water Kw: (1) This is a key equation in acid-base chemistry. Note that the product of [H+] and [OH–] is a constant at a given temperature (Eq(1) value is for 25oC). Thus as the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution increases‚ the hydroxide ion concentration decreases
Premium Acid dissociation constant Acid PH
Studying the pH of Strong Acid‚ Weak Acid‚ Salt‚ and Buffer Solutions The purpose of the current experiment was to determine the pH of various hydrochloric acid and acetic acid solutions‚ to determine the pH of various salt solutions‚ to prepare a buffer solution‚ and determine the effects of adding a strong acid and strong base to the buffer solution versus adding a strong acid and strong base to water. The measured pHs for the hydrochloric acid solutions were 1.6‚ 2.2‚ 2.9‚ and 3.8. The measured
Premium PH Hydrochloric acid Acid dissociation constant
Introduction to Acids Base chemistry Purpose How to determine the constant equilibrium of an acid‚ Ka? How to evaluate the concentration (M) of an acid? In “part A” experiment‚ we would test the PH of different concentration of acetic acid (a weak acid which partially dissociated in water) with a PH probe. After we got the PH‚ we could find out the concentration of H+ by applying the relationship pH = -log [H+]. Having the determined value of [H+] of a weak acid with a known molar concentration
Premium Acid dissociation constant Acid PH
In the first part of this experiment acetic anhydride was used to prepare acetanilide which could then be readily brominated to form a mono-brominated product‚ with the bromine positioned at either the ortho‚ meta or para position on the aromatic ring. Acetic anhydride is very reactive towards nucleophiles and this reactivity is the result of the difference in electronegativities of the carbon and oxygen atoms that are bonded in acetic anhydride. This difference in electronegativities causes one
Premium Oxygen Atom Electric charge
Experiment 4 Synthesis of Salicylic Acid Introduction Throughout history‚ botanical extracts have been used as medicines. Approximately 30% of all medicines have a plant origin. This number increases to 60% if you consider medicines that at one time were derived from plants‚ but have been synthesized in the laboratory. Salicylic acid is a white crystalline compound that can be isolated from the bark of birch trees. Since it is a valuable substance that can be isolated from nature‚ it is called
Premium Salicylic acid Carboxylic acid Ester
isomers of α-phenylcinnamic acid. This was accomplished by refluxing benzaldehyde‚ phenylacetic acid‚ acetic anhydride and triethylamine as a base. The chemical equation of a Perkin Reaction can be seen below. The reaction mechanism for the synthesis of α-phenylcinnamic acid is shown below: Results: Theoretical Yield Therefore‚ phenylacetic acid is the limiting reagent. Table 1. Literature and actual IR values of (E) and (Z) isomers of α-phenylcinnamic acid. Compound Literature
Premium Functional group Acetic acid Solvent
EXPERIMENT 13： Extraction: Extraction with acid and alkali Objective 1. To recover the benzoic acid and p-dichlorobenzene from its mixture from its mixture by using acid-alkali extraction. 2. To determine the percentage recovery and melting point of the recovered benzoic acid and p-dichlorobenzene. Introduction Acid-base extraction is a process which purifying the acids and bases from mixtures based on their chemical properties. Acid-base extraction is performed to isolate the compounds and natural
Premium Solvent Acid Solubility
by everyday pollution from houses‚ factories‚ cars‚ and etc. This is the concept of acid rain‚ which according to EPA.gov is a broad term referring to a mixture of wet and dry deposition from the atmosphere containing higher than normal amounts of nitric and sulfuric acids. Acid rain isn’t just rain‚ its forms like hail or snow‚ which is wet deposition‚ and smoke or dust‚ which is dry deposition. The effects of acid rain are quite terrifying bringing all types of problems to the Earth‚ for example
Premium Water Acid rain Precipitation
NaOH at 1 M (10 mL per run) • 110 mL of NaOH at 0.5 M (10 mL per run) • 220 mL of Acetic Acid at 50% (10 mL per run). • Vernier Temperature Probe. • Erlenmeyer Flask 200 mL. • Graduated Cylinder 25 mL. • Charged Computer with LoggerPro. Method: I gathered all my materials along with obtaining a lab coat‚ safety glasses‚
Premium Chemical reaction Chemistry Sodium hydroxide
Name ______________________________________ Before you begin‚ save this Lab Report Template on your computer as LastNameAPChem7 Title: Acid Base Titration Purpose: To practice titration techniques To perform acid-base titrations To determine the molarity and percent composition of acetic acid in commercial vinegar Materials: |0.1 M sodium hydroxide |24-well reaction plate |toothpicks | |phenolphthalein test paper
Premium Sodium hydroxide Base PH indicator