consequent on the perception of reaching or not reaching goals” (Maehr & Nicholls‚ 1980. p. 228). The quality of an athlete ’s sporting experience is shaped by the way in which success is defined‚ and by how capabilities are judged (Duda‚ 1993). Achievement Goal Theory (AGT) (Nicholls‚ 1984; 1989) outlines that people are motivated by the desire to fell competent. People can define competence and success in different ways‚ the main ones being ego and task orientations. Research is consistent in showing
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| |1. |What is Motivation? |1 | |2. |Motivational Elements |3 | |3. |Features of Motivation |5 | |4. |Needs of Motivation
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Equity Theory of Motivation As the cliche goes‚ no man is an island. Everything man does is influenced by other men and his environment. Be it in school or at work‚ the reason why people persevere lies on the desire to achieve a certain goal. Hence‚ motivation is essential to keep the drive of doing things passionately and effectively. However‚ the enthusiasm to sustain the dream and keep the motivation alive can be tampered by life’s uncertainties. Given the unique characteristics that each student
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Contemporary Theories of Motivation Motivation is a desire to attain a goal‚ combined with the energy to work towards that goal. It involves the biological‚ emotional‚ social and cognitive forces that stimulate a person’s behavior. In everyday usage‚ the term “motivation” is frequently used to describe why a person does something. “There are three major elements of motivation- intensity‚ direction and persistence” (Robbins & Judge‚ 2011-2012‚ p209).Intensity refers to how hard a person tries
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The expectancy theory of motivation‚ which was first produced by Victor Vroom‚ has become a generally accepted theory for explaining how individuals make decisions concerning different behavioural alternatives. According to Vroom to motivate someone mere offer a person something to satisfy his important needs will not be adequate. In order for the person to be motivated‚ he must also be convincingly sure that he has the ability to obtain the reward. An employee’s motivation increases when he values
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Actually there are people “above” us. These are people who judge us by our work and who wants us to make our work the best. To gain their goals‚ they have to motivate us. In recent years motivation of employees became very important issue discussed in many companies. Some of the companies rely on material motivation‚ such as money. Others prefer nonmaterial forms. There are also many firms and enterprises offering their employees combination of both. In all cases it is necessary for employer to know
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MOTIVATION THEORY AND PRACTICE 1.0 Equity Theory The equity theory was proposed initially by Adams (1963). The focus of the theory has been to understand the motivational aspect of employees. The equity theory is based on the distributive justice principles promulgated to take care of social justice by balancing the economical disadvantages that existed in that period. It focuses on the need for fairness and justice as related to several human behaviors especially used by administrators
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Applying Expectancy Theory as an Approach to Improve Motivation One challenge many companies face is employee motivation. Business success is largely dependent upon the ability for companies to motivate their employees to achieve the best results. Because of this‚ many have researched organizational motivation and theorized on the subject. One widely accepted concept is Victor Vroom’s expectancy theory. Expectancy theory is based on the premise that employees will be motivated to perform at their
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Motivation theories can be classified broadly into two different perspectives: Content and Process theories. Content Theories deal with “what” motivates people and it is concerned with individual needs and goals. Maslow‚ Alderfer‚ Herzberg and McCelland studied motivation from a “content” perspective. Process Theories deal with the “process” of motivation and is concerned with “how” motivation occurs. Vroom‚ Porter & Lawler‚ Adams and Locke studied motivation from a “process” perspective. Process
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Motivation Theory I. Defined: There are many widely varying definitions of motivation. One of them involves the “push” from inside a person: The tension‚ the want‚ the discomfort from inside to do or accomplish something. A desire to satisfy ones self by learning‚ doing‚ accomplishing‚ or experimenting. This document is not intended to be a complete summary of what a student should know of motivation theory. It explores only some highlights of motivation theory and practice; please refer to
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