+ R’X R O R’ + NaX Ar O Na + RX Ar O R + NaX Involves a nucleophilic substitution reaction. Halide ion is displaced by the alkoxide or phenoxide ion. Gives best results when 1o alkyl halides are used. Mechanism is SN2. Alkoxides may be prepared by reacting an alcohol with NaH or by reacting an alcohol with Na metal. Phenoxides may be prepared by reaction of phenols with NaOH ROH + NaH ROH + Na ArOH + NaOH RO Na - - + + H2 RO Na + + 1/2
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1) Do you prefer summer to any other season of the year? I guess that the summer s the pleasantest season. At this time of the year everything is neat and clean‚ the days are long. In the summer the heat can be unbearable and there can be hardly a breath of air. But at this time of the year the hot sun ripens the corn and fruit. There are plenty of strawberries‚ cherries‚ currants‚ gooseberries‚ raspberries‚ apricots‚ peaches‚ plums and blackberries‚ which are ripe and afford a treat for the old
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The notable children’s book‚ The Lion‚ the Witch and the Wardrobe by C.S. Lewis displays the consequences of faulty choices based on behavioral loyalty. In the mythical land of Narnia‚ four children‚ Peter‚ Susan‚ Edmund and Lucy are alleged to reign on the four great thrones of Narnia. However‚ this would mean the downfall of the White Witch. In order to stop the four children from obtaining the thrones‚ she tempts young‚ naïve Edmund. She
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The famous Salem Witch Trials took place during the early months of the year 1692 and into the first month of 1693‚ in the small village of Salem. Salem Village was part of the Massachusetts Bay Colony‚ which was located on the coast of Massachusetts Bay‚ north of present day Boston‚ where the present day city of Salem stands now. Salem was an “important seaport in Massachusetts.” (Burgan‚ 4) The population of Salem was around 550 people. Of the 500 plus people living there practically the whole
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structures and properties of amino acids know the groups of amino acid What are amino acids? Amino acids are molecules that when combined with each other proteins. Amino acids contain a central tetrahedral carbon atom (α-carbon) amine group‚ carboxyl group‚ R-side chain The R-side chain determines the different amino acids There are 20 common amino acids Amino acids can join via peptide bonds Several amino acids occur only rarely in proteins Some amino acids are not found in proteins 3D
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1. Company – Four Seasons Hotel Company History: Four Seasons Hotel‚ Inc is a Canadian-based international luxury‚ five-star hotel Management Company. It is one of the world’s most admired and successful luxury hotel chains‚ and has been named by Fortune consecutively for 16 years as one of “100 Best Companies to Work For” since 1998. The company was also awarded the “Best Business Hotel Chain Worldwide” by Business Traveller. Four Seasons Hotel was founded in the 1961 in Canada by Isadore Sharp
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Cause and Effect on Acid Rain Introduction Beautifully crafted statues are now worn out or severely damaged‚ aquatic wildlife population are dying off‚ forests have lost the leaves that protect their trees and produce food‚ and the rates of lung diseases in humans are rising around the world. The cause of all of these problems can be linked back to acid rain. Most people don’t understand the concept or science behind acid rain. The common belief is that it’s a natural process‚ but it’s actually
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The intent of this paper is to educate individuals about acid rain‚ define its chemical makeup‚ and describe its impact on the environment. Rain is an important part of all life; it is the source of water for almost everything. In some areas rain is actually a threat to life because of pollution from cars‚ factories‚ and power plants. This pollution releases gases into the atmosphere to create acid rain. Acid rain is rain‚ or any other form of precipitation that is uncharacteristically acidic
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and these comprise only 20 kinds of amino acids in various combinations. These 20 kinds of amino acids are essential to the body. In addition to being the materials for proteins‚ they are used as an energy source for the body as necessary. Further‚ each amino acid plays an important and unique role in the body. The list below shows the role of each amino acid. | Valine Leucine Isoleucine | All of these 3 amino acids are called branched chain amino acid(BCAAs). They perform the important functions
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Citric Acid Names of chemical substance- Chemical formula: C6H8O7. Elements present in citric acid are; carbon‚ hydrogen and oxygen. Bonding- All the elements in citric acid are non-metals. Citric acid has a covalent bond type. History- in the 8th century jabir ibn hayyar a Persian alchemist was credited with the discovery of citric acid. in 1784 the separation of citric acid from citrus fruits occurred when Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele separated citric acid from lemon juice. The next
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