to others. A good state of affairs is based off of a matter of opinion. What some consider “good” affairs; others may consider “poor”. The statement‚ there is no single objective sense of a good state of affairs holds truth. Philippa Foot’s Utilitarianism and the Virtues states‚ “ It can never be right to prefer a worse state of affairs to a better” (198). Foot is correct‚ however‚ this statement doesn’t say what specifically would be considered worse or better. If Jenny‚ the green thumbed outdoors
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Abortion a) Compare the ways in which Natural law and Utilitarianism might be applied to abortion. (25 marks) b) “A religious believer should never have an abortion.” Discuss (10 marks) a) Abortion is the deliberate termination of a human pregnancy and in today’s society is viewed as a very controversial ethical issue due to the conflicting moral standpoints. Natural Law was first proposed by Aristotle but championed by Aquinas (1225 – 74) and Utilitarianism by Jeremy Bentham in the late 18th
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that this would be a more ethically defensible approach.” Choose one side of this argument and use a utilitarian framework to argue in favour‚ using the framework to show the weakness in the opposite view Introduction Utilitarianism is a justification for free-market capitalism. It is a moral perspective that aims to achieve the greatest social benefit net of social cost or‚ more express informally as “one that maximizes utility” Both shareholder and stakeholders are
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would agree with the magistrate’s decision on framing the innocent man. The reason behind this agreement is that since the one man being killed is saving lives and saving chaos it makes it ethical‚ from a utilitarian standpoint. According to utilitarianism one must consider the consequences of a certain action. So in this case the magistrate must weigh the pros and cons of the decision to execute this man. The magistrate must be a utilitarian because he decided to kill the innocent man in an attempt
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The ethical theory that an act you choose should produce the greatest amount of pleasure or happiness and the least amount of pain or suffering‚ is known as Utilitarianism. However‚ this theory is not about your happiness alone‚ but about making the greatest moral choices‚ that brings the utmost happiness to everyone. This theory comes from consequentialism which is a family of concepts that share the same idea; if an act creates positive results‚ then it is thought to be good. Utilitarian’s must
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5. Relativism Many different ideas have been given the name ‘relativism’‚ and the term has been used to pillory all sorts of views (sometimes for good reasons‚ sometimes for bad ones). It is mere posturing to say that you are for or against “relativism” unless you say what you mean by the term. Here I want mainly to discuss (and to criticize) a view I have encountered among students in philosophy courses‚ who say things like this: "What anyone believes is true for that person. What you believe
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Philosophy of Utilitarianism may have a positive outcome‚ but it can be flawed at times as well. The Utilitarian theory states “ The greatest happiness for the greatest number of people”. Some say this approach is flawed due to it lacking reason and consequence‚ I believe this depends on specific circumstances. Abortion is a big issue now a days and I feel that the utilitarian theory would be a reasonable outlook on this particular situation. To apply the Utilitarian theory to abortion‚ first we must
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Explain the difference between rule‚ act and preference utilitarianism (25 marks) Utilitarianism is the ethical theory behind justifying an action for being for the greater good. This is a teleological theory because it looks at the consequences of an action. Utilitarianism is a consequentialist theory. There are three types of utilitarianism: Act‚ Rule and Preference. Jeremy Bentham began the Utilitarianism theory. Utilitarianism is a hedonistic theory because it is based on pleasure and happiness
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OBJECTIONS TO UTIILITARIANISM SECTION (1) INTRODUCTION We noted‚ last week‚ that UTILITARIANISM is a version of CONSEQUENTIALISM in that it holds that the RIGHT action (in any given situation) is the action WHICH HAS THE WHICH HAS THE BEST CONSEQUENCES; CONSEQUENTIALIST ethical theories may be contrasted
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Utilitarianism Key Features • • • Relativist Theory – – – – – – – No Absolutes Morality Depends on individual circumstances Happiness is the most important thing Quality and Quantity of Happiness need to be taken into account The Measure of Usefulness or Fittingness for purpose an action may have Teleological Ethical theories such as Utilitarianism tend to rely on the principle of utility It is the way of measuring how useful an action is in bringing about the consequences that we desire Equality
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