Understanding other cultures without making judgments about the way they do things or the way they understand and react to things is the basic concept of cultural relativity. The importance of this idea is demostrated by Richard B. Lee in his story about the Christmas feast with the !Kung. In this story Lee‚ a social anthropologist living with the tribe‚ experiences a misunderstanding that almost caused him to pack his belongings and leave the bushmen which were the subject of his study
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Ethics essay – Utilitarianism a.) Explain the main differences between the utilitarianism of Bentham and that of Mill. Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that looks at the concept of `utility`‚ or the usefulness of actions. Two of the most famous Utilitarians were Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill; Bentham was the first to introduce the theory‚ and his views were more similar to that of Act Utilitarianism. Mill on the other hand differed in his views‚ and his intention was to improve the theory
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to others. A good state of affairs is based off of a matter of opinion. What some consider “good” affairs; others may consider “poor”. The statement‚ there is no single objective sense of a good state of affairs holds truth. Philippa Foot’s Utilitarianism and the Virtues states‚ “ It can never be right to prefer a worse state of affairs to a better” (198). Foot is correct‚ however‚ this statement doesn’t say what specifically would be considered worse or better. If Jenny‚ the green thumbed outdoors
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the main features of Utilitarianism as an ethical theory? (10 marks) Examine and consider criticisms that have been made against Utilitarianism. (10 marks) Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that pivots around the belief that morality should be judged by consequence and the way in which an action can be deemed moral or immoral‚ depends upon the number to which it brings the greatest happiness. A decision can be defined as ethically correct under the theory of Utilitarianism if the moral choice
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Utilitarianism Key Features • • • Relativist Theory – – – – – – – No Absolutes Morality Depends on individual circumstances Happiness is the most important thing Quality and Quantity of Happiness need to be taken into account The Measure of Usefulness or Fittingness for purpose an action may have Teleological Ethical theories such as Utilitarianism tend to rely on the principle of utility It is the way of measuring how useful an action is in bringing about the consequences that we desire Equality
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that this would be a more ethically defensible approach.” Choose one side of this argument and use a utilitarian framework to argue in favour‚ using the framework to show the weakness in the opposite view Introduction Utilitarianism is a justification for free-market capitalism. It is a moral perspective that aims to achieve the greatest social benefit net of social cost or‚ more express informally as “one that maximizes utility” Both shareholder and stakeholders are
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or always right with no exceptions. The time‚ place or culture have no power as it does in relativism which is more subjective (Moore). And in comparison to utilitarianism‚ absolutism targets the act and not the outcome. Since absolutism theory believes and focuses on opposite principles than relativism and utilitarianism‚ it would be fair to say that absolutism would strongly disagree in allowing the act of torture of the man. The objectiveness of absolutism would not allow torture to take place
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UTILITARIANISM Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that holds that an action is right if it produces‚ or if it tends to produce‚ the greatest amount of good for the greatest number of people affected by the action. Otherwise the action is wrong. This cost-benefit analysis is a form of utility calculation. People in business theory use utility curves to plot the results of various actions‚ choosing those that maximize whatever it is that they wish to achieve. This utility approach is not foreign
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positives and negatives regarding the concept of cultural relativism‚ but his overall position is that cultural relativism is not a strong philosophy. On the flip side of that Immanuel Kant has a completely different ethical theory that is based around deontology. Despite its positives cultural relativism cannot be defended against Rachel’s criticism‚ but Kant’s ethical theory cannot necessarily defeat cultural relativism. Cultural Relativism is the idea that moral practices and social norms change
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enedict (Cultural Relativism) a. The concept of Cultural Relativism states‚ “it is not each person‚ but each person’s culture that is the standard by which actions are to be measured”(Wilkens‚ 29). I believe Ruth Benedict would base how she acts in this situation off of what an individual might justify morally. People have multiple views‚ which vary concerning what someone should do in this type of situation. Some people may consider not turning in the ticket as wrong‚ while others may think it is
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