EXERCISE 2: Skeletal Muscle Physiology Student Name: Student ID#: Student instructions: Follow the step-by-step instructions for this exercise found in your lab manual and record your answers in the spaces below. Submit this completed document by the assignment due date found in the Syllabus. Rename this document to include your first and last name prior to submitting‚ e.g. Exercise2_JohnSmith.doc. Please make sure that your answers are typed in RED. (You may delete these instructions
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Chapter 7 * Why do we want to make Eukaryotic cell proteins? * Because when eukaryotic proteins are expressed in prokaryotic cells problems like been unstable‚ no biological activity and prokaryotic contaminants ( pyrogens) can occur. * Also to make the protein as natural as possible * The same expression vectors as we need for pro * We don’t need shangdolron coz that only for pro Transformation: in Eukaryotic cells: in humans means that difference in growth characters
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HISTOLOGY: EPITHELIAL TISSUE o Human body composed of 4 basic types of tissue: epithelial‚ connective‚ nervous and muscular o Formed by cells and molecules of the extracellular matrix o Connective tissue: characterized by the abundance of extracellular fluid o Organs can be divided by parenchyma (composed of cells for main function of organ) and stroma ( supporting tissue) o Except in brain and spinal cord stroma made of connective tissue o Epithelial tissue: covering‚ lining protecting surfaces
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cause a joint to extend are called extensors‚ muscles which cause a limb to retract are called flexors. A Synovial Joint 2 5.7.2 - Explain the contraction of skeletal muscle in terms of the sliding filament theory (including the role of actin‚ myosin‚ troponin‚ tropomyosin‚ Ca2+‚ ATP). Muscles are made from muscle fibres arranged into bundles. Each fibre is made from bundles of myofibrils‚ which are extremely long‚ cylindrical muscle cells. A RRANGEMENT OF MYOFIBRILS INTO A MUSCLE FIBRE
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hyaluronic acid Collagenase: Hydrolyzes collagen IgA proteases: Destroy IgA antibodies Enzymes Antigenic Variation • Alter surface proteins Penetration into the Host Cell Cytoskeleton • Invasins • Salmonella alters host actin to enter a host cell • Use actin to move from one cell to the next • Listeria Figure 15.2 How bacterial pathogens damage host cells • • • • • Siderophores Direct damage Toxins Lysogenic conversion Cytopathic effect Using the Host’s Nutrients: Siderophores
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A muscle is a group of cells called fibers‚ and are generally quite big. One muscle fiber has a large amount of myofibrils‚ which are muscle proteins in the shape of cylinders. These myofibrils contain two different types of filaments‚ which run along the axis of the fiber in hexagonal patterns. The two types of filaments are thick and thin filaments. Every thick filament is surrounded by six thin filaments. Both thick and thin filaments are attached to a structure called the Z-line. The Z-line runs
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display a balance of good and evil; these same ideas are discussed in William Golding’s novel Lord of the Flies. An example of people displaying a mix of good and evil in "Façade" is where the song discusses that society plays a game where everyone is‚ "Actin’ a bizzare charade- / While playing the saint!" ("Façade 20-21). The use of the term "saint" in the song symbolizes that people try to act in accordance to the rules of society and do what they believe is best. However‚ this is contradicted by the
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contract which makes movement or keeping a part of the body in a certain position. To understand a muscle injury you have to understand how a muscle contracts and relaxes. In the picture the Z line‚ actin and myosin are spaced apart when a muscle is relaxed. When the muscle contracts the Z line‚ Actin and myosin come further together. An example of a muscle injury is a strain‚ a strain occurs when the muscle fibres stretch or tear to far as when doing exercise your muscles need to far to become bigger
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Mammalian Cell Culture Lab Manual Student guide of Cell Biology Laboratory Techniques 2012 Jay M. Feldman Cell Biology Professor Lagier 11/26/2012 Mammalian Cell Culture Lab Manual Student guide of Cell Biology Laboratory Techniques 2012 Jay M. Feldman Cell Biology Professor Lagier 11/26/2012 Table of Contents I. Introduction * About the author page 2 * Preface page 3 II. Laboratory Techniques * Cell Culture Technique page 4-5 * Sterile Technique
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for almost all the work in the cells and play a key role in structure‚ function and the maintenance of the tissues and organs in the body‚ muscle cells contain myofibrils in the form of thick and thin filaments which contain the proteins myosin and actin which contains troponin and tropomyosin respectively and all these proteins play a very vital role in muscle contractions.
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