chapter 2 chapter outline module 5 Neurons: The Basic Elements of Behavior The Structure of the Neuron How Neurons Fire Where Neurons Connect to One Another: Bridging the Gap Neurotransmitters: Multitalented Chemical Couriers module 6 module 7 The Brain The Nervous System and the Endocrine System: Communicating within the Body The Nervous System The Endocrine System: Of Chemicals and Glands Studying the Brain’s Structure and Functions: Spying on the Brain The Central Core:
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receptor for four different sets of data is represented in this figure. The recordings are taken at stretches of 2‚ 4‚ 6‚ 8‚ and 10 mm of the crayfish tail. The best fit lines for the different sets of data are as follows: Ali and Emily- Linear best fit line‚ Dave and Laura- Exponential best fit line‚ Jimmy and Amina-Exponential best fit line‚ Tala and Jen-Linear best fit line). Figure 2. Class Average for Firing Rate of Tonic Receptor in Response to Stretch. The firing rate of the slow-adapting
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body‚ process and interpret this sensory input‚ and respond by activating effector organs. It consists of the Central Nervous System (brain and spinal cord)‚ and the Peripheral Nervous System (neurons that carry messages to and from the CNS). 2. Describe the composition and function of the cell body. How are xons and dendrites alike? How do they (structurally and functionally) differ? The nerve cell body contains the nucleus‚ rough ER (Nissl bodies)‚ and cytoplasm. It is the major biosynthetic
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the terms depolarization and action potential mean the same thing? The terms depolarization and action potential differ because are excitable cells that communicate by transmitting electrical impulses that are capable of producing rapid electrical signals and depolarization in the interior surface of the membrane which becomes less negative and the exterior surface becomes less positive. Additionally‚ when depolarization reaches a certain threshold‚ an action potential is initiated and the polarity
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Thursday‚ January 30‚ 2014 Nervous Tissue ! Anatomy & Physiology - Overall Purpose of the Nervous System ! • To keep controlled conditions within limits that maintain life health and homeostasis ! - Regulates body activities by responding via nerve impulses‚ works with the endocrine system which responds by releasing hormones ! • Responsible for our behavior‚ memories‚ and movements ! • Neurology : branch of medicine that deals with normal functioning and disorders of the nervous system
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Name___ Unit 9 Worksheet – Membrane Potentials Each answer is worth 1 point (20 points total) To complete this worksheet‚ select: Chapter 12: Nervous Tissue Animations Introduction to Membrane Potentials 1. Describe the neuron function. Neurons act to facilitate the transfer of data amongst the body’s cells sustaining homeostasis 2. Contrast graded potentials and action potentials. Graded potentials are electrical signals that have variable amplitude‚ are
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Computer Simulation of Membrane Potential Measurements INTRODUCTION “MEMPOT”© is an interactive graphical simulation program that is designed to show how cell membrane potentials are measured with microelectrodes in the laboratory situation. The simulation shows how the membrane potential depends on the external potassium‚ [K+]o and external sodium‚ [Na+]o concentrations and the relative permeability of the membrane to these ions. The program simulates membrane potential measurements in any excitable
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Communication‚ Homeostasis & Energy Communication & Homeostasis Outline the need for communication systems within multicellular organisms‚ with reference to the need to respond to changes in the internal and external environment and to co-ordinate the activities of different organs. Organisms need to respond to external stimuli‚ e.g. temperature‚ oxygen concentration and levels of sunlight. These may be over time‚ e.g. winter fur to summer fur‚ or quickly‚ e.g. changing size of pupils. Internal
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neuronal action potentials. Sodium channels open‚ increase of sodium INTO cell. Phase 1- sodium channels close‚ potassium channels close‚ decrease in potassium and sodium. Calcium channels open‚ increase of calcium into cell. Phase 2- Plateau phase‚ membrane still depolarized (contract). Potassium channels closed‚ L-type calcium channels stay open. Lasts 0.2 seconds/200 milliseconds. Phase 3- second set of potassium channels open‚ potassium decrease. Failing membrane potential cause calcium
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BIO 1012 Anatomy and Physiology Lab The Nervous System II: Anatomy Review 1. The somatic nervous system stimulates __Smooth__ muscle. The autonomic nervous system stimulates _Skeletal___ muscle‚ __Cardiac___ muscle‚ and _Glands___. 2. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) consists two divisions‚ each innervating the effector organs. The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) generally speeds up everything except digestion. The parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) generally slows down everything
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