In order to determine the role of the amacrine cells they needed to determine the method of bipolar convergence and divergence in ganglion cells. When stimulated individually‚ two different bipolar cells were able to elicit distinct post synaptic potentials in the ganglion cell. Whether a transient or sustained response was to be fired was determined right at that connection (Asari and Meister‚ 2012). In this way‚ the bipolar cell acts similar to the controller (Carpenter and Reddi‚ 190) in a motor
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Biology 3201 1. Unit 1- Maintaining Dynamic Equilibrium II Ch. 12 – The Nervous System (pp. 390-419) 12.1 – Structure of the Nervous System nervous system: a high-speed communication system which delivers information to and from the brain and spinal cord and all over the body. In any nervous system‚ there are 4 main components: (1) sensors: gather information from the external environment (sense organs) (2) conductors: carry information from sensors to modulators or from modulators to effectors (nerves)
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increasing extracellular K+ causes the membrane potential to change to a less negative value. How well did the results compare with your prediction? Your answer: If extracellular K+ is increased then the intracellular K+ will decrease. Fewer intracellular K+ ions would result in the membrane potential being less negative. This is what I predicted to happen. 3. Explain why a change in extracellular Na+ did not significantly alter the membrane potential in the resting neuron? Your answer: There
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Impulses: Activity 1: The Resting Membrane Potential Lab Report Pre-lab Quiz Results You have not completed the Pre-lab Quiz. 08/28/12 page 1 Experiment Results Predict Question: Predict Question: Predict what will happen to the resting membrane potential if the extracellular K+ concentration is increased. Your answer : b. The resting membrane potential will become less negative. Stop & Think Questions: What is the polarity of the resting membrane potential (voltage)? You correctly answered: b
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Chapter 2 Outline: The Biological Basis of Behavior Hemispherectomies: the removal or the left or right half of the brain. (often used to treat seizures). Improves speech‚ coordination‚ ect. The internal environment of the brain is often calmer and their external environment is enhanced and better. The brain is the “master control” of all the body’s functions. Our brains have billions of cells that make up pathways‚ networks‚ and back-up systems. The two sides of the brain are similar but NOT
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The Effect of Dopamine on the Mind and Body Dopamine is a neurotransmitter‚ one very important to the body. A neurotransmitter is a chemical that is used to send messages through the body through nerve cells. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that affects movement‚ behavior‚ learning‚ emotions‚ and feelings‚ most commonly pleasure. Dopamine is produced mainly in the brain‚ and is released at certain times to help with the body’s emotional and physical functions. Dopamine works in different areas
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A Better Understanding: Neurochemistry of Addiction To better understand the fundamentals of neurochemistry‚ a good start is at the brain. The brain makes up the central nervous system and is connected to the whole nervous system that runs through the whole body. The central nervous system receives sensory information and controls the body’s response. For example‚ a pot on a stove would be extremely hot on the hands when the stove is on and would damage the skin. This sensory information is sent
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ion has the greatest electrochemical gradient? _sodium______ d. The net movement of these two ions would do what to the cell? _depolarize__ e. This would be called an ____excitatory________ postsynaptic potential‚ or __epsp__________________. 3. a. An inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) causes a neuron to __hyperpolarize_________________. b. An example of a neurotransmitter that causes an IPSP is ___gaba___________. c. What type of ions move into the cell in response to this neurotransmitter
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Mark scheme June 2002 GCE Biology B Unit BYB4 Copyright © 2002 AQA and its licensors. All rights reserved. The Assessment and Qualifications Alliance (AQA) is a company limited by guarantee registered in England and Wales 3644723 and a registered charity number 1073334 Registered address: Addleshaw Booth & Co.‚ Sovereign House‚ PO Box 8‚ Sovereign Street‚ Leeds LS1 1HQ Kathleen Tattersall: Director General klm SECTION A Question 1 (a) GCE: Biology B – BYB4 June 2002 X = grana/lamellae/thylakoid
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INTRODUCTION TO NEUROLOGY content: Functions of the nervous system Structure of the nervous system Organisation of the nervous system Numerous functions Protection. Movement. Coordination. Control of cardiovascular system. Functioning of endocrine system. Maintenance of homeostasis. Structure Nervous system (NS) is a highly specialised‚ complex‚ interconnected network of neural tissue It coordinates‚ interprets and controls the
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