Hydrogen Producing Bacteria was incubated in a complete - mix digester with work volume 1.7 L‚ seeded with sludge obtained from the local sewage treatment plant. Each liter of feed medium was composed of the following : 7 g of glucose‚ 1 g NaHCO3 ‚ 500 mg of NH4Cl ‚ 250 mg KH2PO4 ‚ 250 mg K2HPO4 ‚ 320 mg of MgSO4 • 7H2O ‚ 50 mg of FeCl 3 ‚ NiSO4 32 mg ‚ 50 mg CaCl2‚ Na2BO7 7.2 mg H2O ‚ 14.4 mg (NH4) 6MO7O24 H2O ‚ 23 mg of ZnCl2 ‚ 21 mg CoCl2 H2O ‚ 10 mg CuCl2•2H2O and 30 mg of MnCl2•4H2O . The reaction
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PART B. WORKS INFORMATION ^ D w r Cymru Location Site Location Map Welsh Water Cardiff WWTW. Operating Manual 1. 1 Site Location Map National Grid Reference: Asset No.: ST 213 758 33785 Cardiff WWTW Directions Heading West along M4‚ turn onto A48 at Junction 29. After approx. 2 miles turn left onto A4161. After approx. 1 mile continue on A4232. After approx. 2 miles at roundabout‚ take second exit onto Rover Way towards the Docks. At 1st roundabout turn left onto Tide Fields
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flocculation Filtration Removal of dissolved solids Ion exchange Reverse osmosis Electrodialysis Removal of nitrogen Phosphate removal (chemical treatment) Phosphate removal (biological treatment) Removal of dissolved organic compounds Adsorption Sludge treatment and disposal Disinfection 1 2 2 3 3 4 6 7 8 9 10 10 10 11 13 Indian Institute of Technology Madras Environmental Chemistry and Analysis Prof. M.S.Subramanian MODULE 1.5 Advanced Waste Water Treatment The effluent from a typical
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Delhi Jal Board-Summer Training Report 2012 1 Delhi Jal Board-Summer Training Report 2012 Introduction Wastewater is any water that has been adversely affected in quality by anthropogenic influence. It comprises liquid waste discharged by domestic residences‚ commercial properties‚ industry‚ and/or agriculture and can encompass a wide range of potential contaminants and concentrations. In the most common usage‚ it refers to the municipal wastewater that contains a broad spectrum of contaminants
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domestic. It includes physical‚ chemical‚ and biological processes to remove physical‚ chemical and biological contaminants. Its objective is to produce an environmentally-safe fluid waste stream (or treated effluent) and a solid waste (or treated sludge) suitable for disposal or reuse (usually as farm fertilizer). Using advanced technology it is now possible to re-use sewage effluent for drinking water‚ although Singapore is the only country to implement such technology on a production scale in its
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involve? ❖ Levels of Waste Water Treatment ▪ Preliminary Treatment ▪ Primary Treatment ▪ Secondary Treatment ▪ Tertiary/ Advanced Treatment ❖ Other Process Required after Water Treatment ▪ Disinfection ▪ Sludge Treatment and Disposal ❖ References INTRODUCTION What is sewage? Mains water supplied to households is used for many purposes‚ other than drinking and food preparation‚ notably bathing and showering‚ toilet flushing and the washing of utensils
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1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 GENERAL Water recycling or the reuse of treated wastewater is becoming a necessity in today’s world. Under constant threat due to climate change‚ explosive population growth‚ and wastage‚ there is tremendous pressure on water‚ a basic and valuable resource. While industrial growth and unplanned water utilization for agricultural use have depleted ground water levels in many parts of India‚ the growth of urban clusters have brought pressure on available water. Increasing
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Sludge from Wastewater Treatment: A Natural Fertilizer for Pechay (Brassica rapa chinensis) Introduction Background of the Study Pechay (Brassica rapa chinensis) could grow for almost 15-20 cm tall and have wide leaves (Siemonsma & Piluek‚ 1994). Pechay would grow under any climate and could be produced throughout the year specially when the provided soil is rich in organic fertilizer and with good drainage. It could be harvested as they reached the desired size (Cultural Directions for Phil
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Solids. In the plant this is done aerobically with the help of microorganism which in the presence of oxygen degrade the organic matter present in the waste water till the BOD value reaches the acceptable level. This process is known as the activated sludge process this treatment removes. The required bacteria for this process are being grown in a controlled manner by adding M aqua culture .In the first aeration tank diffused aerators are used aerobic digestion of organic matter by the microorganism
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suitable [22]. Table 3 summarizes the reported literature of biological treatment for sugar industry wastewater treatment. 6.1.1 Anaerobic treatment Treatment method Opportunities Limitations Anaerobic •Small reactor size •Less energy required •Excess sludge low •Up to 90% of VSS removal • Energy production • High COD loading • Effluent quality good (in terms of COD) •Oil and grease are not easily degraded • Partly degrades organics • Post-treatment of effluent is often required Anaerobic treatment
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