IMPLEMENTATION OF SCIENTIFIC COSTING IN BULK DRUG AND R&D DEPARTMENT OF A PHARMA INDUSTRY Submitted By KAUSTUBH NIJASURE Under the guidance of Prof. P.M. Nayak A PROJECT SUBMITTED IN PART COMPLETITION OF MMS TO THE Vidyalankar Institute Of Technology Wadala (East)‚ Mumbai 400 031 JULY 14th‚ 2008 Executive summary: Centaur Pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltd. has following divisions: 1. Bulk Drug 2. Formulations 3. Research and Development 4. Clinical Research
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Costing Methods Paper Yolanda Jones ACC/561 James Sullivan November 3‚ 2014 Costing Methods Paper Variable and absorption costing methods are two different costing methods. Almost all successful companies in the world use both methods. Variable costing and absorption costing cannot be substituted for one another because both the systems have their own benefits and limitations (Accounting for management). This paper will complete and discuss exercise 19-17 in Wiley Plus: it will discuss the following
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& Service costing Service Costing Unit costing is the method of costing used when the cost units are identical. Identical cost units should have identical costs and this concept of equality of costs is the basic feature of unit costing. It may be noted that process costs‚ output costing and service costing are the sub-divisions of unit costing method. Service Costing – Nature and Problem: Service or operating cost is the cost of providing services. Service costing is the term
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between ABC Costing and the Time Driven ABC Costing Activity Based Costing (ABC)‚ is a method used to gather an estimation of the cost of a product or service. It was proposed by Robert S. Kaplan and W. Bruns. It helps to assign costs to products and services‚ of an activity along with the resources‚ based on the consumption that takes place by each product or service. The model helps companies in deciding that which products are not rightly priced and which products are actually costing more or are
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standard costs in a departmentalized factory. Distinguish between actual and applied factory overhead. Standard Costing •The purpose of standard cost accounting is to control costs and promote efficiency. •It is not another accounting method for accumulating manufacturing costs‚ but is used in conjunction with such methods as job order‚ process‚ or backflush costing. •Standard costing is based on predetermination of what it should cost to manufacture a product‚ and the inventory accounts are debited
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Marginal Costing is ascertainment of the marginal cost which varies directly with the volume of production by differentiating between fixed costs and variable costs andfinally ascertaining its effect on profit. The basic assumptions made by marginal costing are following: - Total variable cost is directly proportion to the level of activity. However‚ variable cost per unit remains constant at all the levels of activities. - Per unit selling price remains constant at all levels of activities. - All
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CATERPILLAR‚ INC. AND JOHN DEERE CATERPILLAR‚ INC. AND JOHN DEERE TABLE OF CONTENTS: * EXECUTIVE SUMMARY * BUSINESS OVERVIEW * FINANCIAL ANALYSIS * FINANCIAL OUTLOOK * CLOSING * REFERENCES EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: While the economic downturn slowed business activities worldwide in 2009‚ Caterpillar Inc. and John Deere continued to deliver strong financial results in 2010. Caterpillar and John Deere stayed true to their mission and vision and business strategies
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ABC Costing Activity-based costing (ABC) is a special costing model that identifies activities in an organization and assigns the cost of each activity with resources to all products and services according to the actual consumption by each. This model assigns more indirect costs (overhead) into direct costs compared to conventional costing models. Aims of model With ABC‚ an organization can soundly estimate the cost elements of entire products and services. That may prepare decisions on
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Absorption and marginal costing (Relevant to AAT Examination Paper 3: Management Accounting) Li Tak Ming‚ Andy Deputy Head‚ Department of Business Administration‚ Hong Kong Institute of Vocational Education (Kwai Chung) Introduction Absorption costing and marginal costing are alternative cost accumulation systems used to ascertain product or job costs for inventory valuation and cost of sales. Absorption costing Absorption costing includes both variable and fixed production costs in the
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beer. In order to be successful‚ the light version needs to not taint the existing image of its main beer and appeal to the new target audience. Q2. What had made MMBC successful? * Well-recognized brand‚ among the ranks of Chevrolet and John Deere * Perception of quality * Brand loyalty * Subjective attributes such as smoothness What distinguishes it from competitors? * Distinctive bitter flavor and higher alcohol content * Image as a beer for tough working men (81% of
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