Absorption and marginal costing (Relevant to AAT Examination Paper 3: Management Accounting) Li Tak Ming‚ Andy Deputy Head‚ Department of Business Administration‚ Hong Kong Institute of Vocational Education (Kwai Chung) Introduction Absorption costing and marginal costing are alternative cost accumulation systems used to ascertain product or job costs for inventory valuation and cost of sales. Absorption costing Absorption costing includes both variable and fixed production costs in the
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Kalpana Dixit @hotmail.com Psychological Basis of Mobile Learning and Activity Based Approach Abstract: Mobile technologies are a familiar part of the lives of most teachers and students In the world today. At the present time‚ however‚ the models for using and developing mobile applications for learning are somewhat lacking. It moves away from the dominant view of mobile learning as an isolated activity to explore mobile learning as a rich‚ collaborative and conversational experience
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VARIABLE COSTING Learning Objectives 1. Explain the accounting treatment of fixed manufacturing overhead under absorption and variable costing. 2. Prepare an income statement under absorption costing. 3. Prepare an income statement under variable costing. 4. Reconcile reported income under absorption and variable costing. 5. Explain the implications of absorption and variable costing for cost-volume-profit analysis. 6. Evaluate absorption and variable costing. 7
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Process costing is used for homogenous products (continuous flow processes such as producing cans of soda). Job-order costing is used in situations where the organization offers many different products or services‚ such as in furniture manufacturing‚ hospitals‚ and legal firms. Process costing is used where units of product are homogeneous‚ such as in flour milling or cement production. The purpose of a job order cost accounting system is to assign and accumulate costs for each job‚ i.e
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Costing Methods Paper Yolanda Jones ACC/561 James Sullivan November 3‚ 2014 Costing Methods Paper Variable and absorption costing methods are two different costing methods. Almost all successful companies in the world use both methods. Variable costing and absorption costing cannot be substituted for one another because both the systems have their own benefits and limitations (Accounting for management). This paper will complete and discuss exercise 19-17 in Wiley Plus: it will discuss the following
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IMPLEMENTATION OF SCIENTIFIC COSTING IN BULK DRUG AND R&D DEPARTMENT OF A PHARMA INDUSTRY Submitted By KAUSTUBH NIJASURE Under the guidance of Prof. P.M. Nayak A PROJECT SUBMITTED IN PART COMPLETITION OF MMS TO THE Vidyalankar Institute Of Technology Wadala (East)‚ Mumbai 400 031 JULY 14th‚ 2008 Executive summary: Centaur Pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltd. has following divisions: 1. Bulk Drug 2. Formulations 3. Research and Development 4. Clinical Research
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Backflush Costing Backflush costing is a traditional and standard costing systems track costs as products pass from raw materials‚ to work in progress‚ to finished goods‚ and finally to sales. Such systems are called ’sequential tracking systems’ because the accounting system entries occur in the same order as purchases and production. Sequential tracking is common where management desires to track direct material and labor time to individual operations and products. Backflush costing is a method
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between ABC Costing and the Time Driven ABC Costing Activity Based Costing (ABC)‚ is a method used to gather an estimation of the cost of a product or service. It was proposed by Robert S. Kaplan and W. Bruns. It helps to assign costs to products and services‚ of an activity along with the resources‚ based on the consumption that takes place by each product or service. The model helps companies in deciding that which products are not rightly priced and which products are actually costing more or are
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& Service costing Service Costing Unit costing is the method of costing used when the cost units are identical. Identical cost units should have identical costs and this concept of equality of costs is the basic feature of unit costing. It may be noted that process costs‚ output costing and service costing are the sub-divisions of unit costing method. Service Costing – Nature and Problem: Service or operating cost is the cost of providing services. Service costing is the term
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standard costs in a departmentalized factory. Distinguish between actual and applied factory overhead. Standard Costing •The purpose of standard cost accounting is to control costs and promote efficiency. •It is not another accounting method for accumulating manufacturing costs‚ but is used in conjunction with such methods as job order‚ process‚ or backflush costing. •Standard costing is based on predetermination of what it should cost to manufacture a product‚ and the inventory accounts are debited
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