normal anatomy and physiology. Inflammation 1. a. Explain why a cast placed around a fractured leg in which extensive tissue damage has occurred might be too tight after 24 hours. – Tissue damage causes inflammation‚ which includes swelling‚ so the area affected swells causing the cast to be tight. b. Explain why such a cast might become loose in 3 weeks. After the cells of the damaged tissue are able to repair themselves‚ the effects of the inflammation subside. 2. List specific reasons
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= kg/ height ^2 or lbs x 703/height^2 Stoma assessment = check size‚ color‚ drainage‚ skin‚ should be shiny‚ moist‚ deep rich red Pancreatitis = autodigestion of the pancreas from premature activation of the digestive enzymes. Chronic is from ETOH usage‚ acute is from autodigestion. In pancreatitis‚ the “ases” (aces) are high. Low calcium and magnesium. s/s Ulcerative Colitis = in large intestine‚ ab pain/cramping right lower‚ anorexia‚ weight loss‚ fever‚ diarrhea 15-20x‚ mucus‚ blood
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Inflammation is defined as the presence of edema fluid and the invasion of tissue by leukocytes. Inflammation is characterized by heat‚ redness‚ pain‚ and swelling. These characteristics are the result of the release of various chemical mediators during an immune response. Cytokines and other inflammatory mediators act on local blood vessels causing dilation of blood vessels and an increase in vascular permeability. Blood flow is increased and there is an increase in the leakage of fluid and proteins
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ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS Gastroenteritis is inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract‚ involving both the stomach and the small intestine and resulting in acute diarrhea. It can be transferred by contact with contaminated food and water. The inflammation is caused most often by an infection from certain viruses or less often by bacteria‚ their toxins‚ parasites‚ or an adverse reaction to something in the diet or medication. ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY The GIT is composed of two general parts‚ the main
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occlusion of the duodenal lumen. I met AG on 2-23-12 when she was three weeks post-operative (post-op)‚ gastrojejunostomy‚ resection of the pancreatic head mass biopsy‚ and gastrostomy tube (gtube) placement. The patient had her first episode of acute pancreatitis in 2006 with four recurrences over two years. In 2007 she underwent Laparotomy and had a biopsy of an inflammatory periduodenal mass. She was treated with radiation and chemotherapy for a short period. In 2008 following several episodes
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Acute Hepatitis B GNUR543 St. John Fisher College Mr. Wilson is a 47 year old man being evaluated for complaints of fatigue‚ anorexia and abdominal distention. On examination‚ it is noted that the skin is jaundiced and the liver enlarged. D.W. denies significant alcohol or drug use. He denies any known exposure to hepatitis and has never been vaccinated for hepatitis. He is taking no medication. Laboratory tests reveal the following and a diagnosis of acute hepatitis B is made: 1. Review
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unidentified. In acute bursitis‚ manifestations occur all of a sudden‚
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supplemental oxygen. Mild to moderate hypoxemia is a common arterial blood gas finding. Hypocapnia and respiratory alkalosis may occur due to the high respiratory rate of an acute asthma exacerbation‚ but prolonged or severe symptoms may cause hypercapnia and metabolic acidosis (Karwat‚ 2002). Chest radiography is often normal; however‚ findings can encounter hyperinflation of the lungs with flattened diaphragm if there is obvious air trapping with the diagnosis of asthma. A CXR may be obtained
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Inflammation of breast may be caused by many etiologies‚ including infectious agents‚ local reaction to systemic disease‚ localized antigen-antibody reaction and idiopathic. Inflammation can divided into two general categories: acute mastitis and chronic mastitis. Acute mastitis: is seen commonly during lactation‚ in which the nipple may develop cracks and fissures‚ which infected by bacteria‚ commonly by Staphylococcus aureus. The infection affects the ducts‚ and inflammation of the
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Chronic inflammation has been shown to be a consistent pre-cursor to many metabolic diseases‚ such as obesity‚ fatty liver disease‚ atherosclerosis‚ insulin resistance‚ type II diabetes‚ degenerative disorders such as dementia‚ airway disease and some cancers.1 The relationship between diet‚ and more specifically refined carbohydrates‚ and chronic inflammation has been of high interest in the media in recent years. This interest could have a lot to do with the alarming rate that these metabolic
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