25 The Urinary System: Urinary System Organs * Kidneys are major excretory organs * Urinary bladder is the temporary storage reservoir for urine * Ureters transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder * Urethra transports urine out of the body Kidney Functions * Removal of toxins‚ metabolic wastes‚ and excess ions from the blood * Regulation of blood volume‚ chemical composition‚ and pH Kidney Functions * Gluconeogenesis during prolonged fasting * Endocrine functions * Renin: regulation
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Excretion Notes 4.2.1 (a) Define the term excretion (b) Explain the importance of removing metabolic wastes‚ including carbon dioxide and nitrogenous waste‚ from the body. Definitions: Excretion: “The removal of waste products of metabolism from the body”. Ingestion: “The intake of substances into the stomach”. Digestion: “The breakdown of molecules that are ingested from large molecules into small molecules”. Absorption: “The intake of those small molecules through the plasma membrane
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other substances. 4. Describe juxtomedullary nephrons. They penetrate the entire length of the medulla. 5. List what is absorbed in the proximal tubule. Electrolytes‚ amino acids‚ water‚ and glucose 6. The anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) acts on what structure(s) in the kidney? Distal and collecting tubules 7. What usually causes kidney damage resulting from urinary tract obstruction? Back pain/pressure and ischemia 8. What is the most common type of kidney stone
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SC/BIOL 2020.03 Biochemistry Midterm #1 Name: Student ID: Feb 7th‚ 2013 Time: 1 hr and 15 min This test has multiple choice: 24 Marks. Fill in the blanks: 10 Marks Peptide structure: 6 Marks There are a total of 10 pages of this exam. You are allowed to use a non-programmable calculator. For multiple choice: Choose the BEST answer and indicate your choice on the scantron. Please use a pencil. 1 1. Which of the following weak interactions is NOT due to differences in electrical
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Ch. 16 A&P 1.Chemical substances secreted by cells into the extracellular fluids and that regulate the metabolic function of other cells in the body are called ________. Hormones 2.Direct gene activation involves a second-messenger system. False 3.All peptide hormone synthesis requires gene activation that produces mRNA. T 4.Which of the following is not a change that may be caused by hormonal stimulus? a change in membrane potential direct control
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Endocrine Vs Nervous System The endocrine system acts with nervous system to coordinate the body’s activities. Both systems enable cells to communicate with others by using chemical messengers. The endocrine system uses chemical messengers called hormones that are transported by the circulatory system (blood). They act on target cells that may be anywhere in the body. The endocrine system is slower than the nervous system because hormones must travel through the circulatory system to reach their
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his water bottle. Brian is not having a good time. How will his hormones respond to decreased intake of water and the stress of the situation? (Hint: try to name more than 1 hormone and use your notes) Brian’s body would start to produce more ADH. ADH would allow him to retain the water his body does have. His body would also start to produce more epinephrine due to the stress he is under. 4. Would someone with Addison’s disease have normal‚ low‚ or high levels of ACTH in the blood? JFK had
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Alcohol related liver diseases are a wide range area which refers to a general term named as alcoholic liver diseases. Millions of individuals around the world get affected with liver diseases due to high alcohol consumption. Several risk factors have been analysed that affects the risk of development and evolution of liver disease. The primitiveness and estimation of alcohol related alcoholic liver diseases depends on the pattern and term of alcohol consumption‚ presence of liver inflammation‚ diet
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Fluid‚ Electrolyte‚ and Acid-Base Balance: Introduction to Body Fluids 1. a. Where are fluids absorbed? ____________________ b. Where are excess fluids and electrolytes lost?____________________ 2. Name four of the six functions of water. a. b. c. d. 3. a. The amount of water in the body depends on the amount of ________________. b. From the CD‚ list the person with the highest and lowest percentage of water and give the percentage. 1. Highest ___________________ _______% 2. Lowest
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hormones into one of the three categories of hormones (peptides‚ amines or steroids): T4 (thyroxin)‚ estradiol‚ norepinephrine‚ insulin‚ aldosterone‚ glucagon‚ cortisol‚ growth hormone‚ T3 (triiodothyronine)‚ epinephrine‚ testosterone and vasopressin (ADH). |Peptides |Amines |Steroids | |Insulin |T4 (thyroxine) |Estradiol
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