Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease that causes the insulin producing beta cells in the pancreas to be destroyed‚ preventing the body from being able to produce enough insulin to adequately regulate blood glucose levels. Type 1 diabetes may sometimes be referred to as juvenile diabetes‚ because it is commonly diagnosed in children and the condition can develop at any age. Insulin dependent diabetes is another term used to describe type 1 diabetes. Since type 1 diabetes causes the loss of insulin
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STUDY GUIDE FOR FINAL EXAM AP120 CHAPTER 16 Respiratory system (~20) 1) The atmosphere is composed of which gases? 78% nitrogen‚ 21% oxygen‚ .04 carbon dioxide Which gas is most abundant in the air you breath? Nitrogen 2) Define dypsnea – difficult or labored breathing‚ air hunger hyperventilation – breathing rapidly and deeply hypoventilation‚ cyanosis – a blueish color of the skin and mucous membranes and hypoxia – deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching the tissues (oxygen levels are
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the body should equal the amount of water leaving the body. -Control of fluid balance is maintained by: -The thirst mechanism in the hypothalamus‚ the osmoreceptor cells of which sense the internal environment -the hormone‚ antidiuretic hormone (ADH)‚ which controls the amount of fluid leaving the body in the urine -The hormone aldosterone‚ which determines the reabsorption of both sodium ions and water from the kidney tubules -The hormone atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a hormone synthesized
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Primary functions of the kidney: — Maintaining homeostasis through the regulation of fluid and electrolytes and removing wastes through the formation of urine. ž Other important functions: — Regulation of acid-base balance — Control of blood pressure — Renal clearance — Regulation of RBC production — Synthesizing vitamin D to the active form — Secreting prostaglandins — Regulating calcium and phosphorus balance. Nephron ž Each kidney has about 1 million
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Cardiovascular System: Intrinsic Conduction System 1. The intrinsic conduction system consists of __autorhythmic____ __cardiac__ cells that initiate and distribute __impulses_____ throughout the heart. 2. The intrinsic conduction system coordinates heart activity by determining the direction and speed of ____heart depolarization____. This leads to a coordinated heart contraction. 3. List the functions for the following parts of the intrinsic conduction system: a. SA node _sets the pace for the
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of Urinary System The urinary system consists of the kidneys‚ ureters‚ urinary bladder‚ and urethra. The kidneys filter the blood to remove wastes and produce urine. The ureters‚ urinary bladder‚ and urethra together form the urinary tract‚ which acts as a plumbing system to drain urine from the kidneys‚ store it‚ and then release it during urination. Besides filtering and eliminating wastes from the body‚ the urinary system also maintains the homeostasis of water‚ ions‚ pH‚ blood pressure‚ calcium
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Blood is moved from the heart to the body by arteries. Blood pressure is the force of the blood pushing against the walls of the arteries. With each heartbeat‚ blood is pumped into the arteries. Systolic pressure is determined when the heart is contracting which causes increased pressure in the arteries. Diastolic Blood pressure is the remaining pressure in the arteries when the ventricles of the heart is relaxed allowing the heart to fill with blood. Blood pressure is influenced by cardiac output
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9. Matching: From the list below‚ select the hormone that best fits each of the following descriptions. (Choices may be used once‚ more than once‚ or not at all) A. FSH K. PTH B. LH L. Oxytocin C. TSH N. ADH D. HGH O. Adrenaline E. ACTH P. Aldosterone F. Thyroxin Q. Glucagon G. Calcitonin R. Insulin H. Cortisol S. Estrogen I. Testosterone W. Progesterone 1. ______ Hormone
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® keep it simple science Copying is permitted according to the Site Licence Conditions only HSC Biology Topic 1 MAINTAINING A BALANCE What is this topic about? To keep it as simple as possible‚ (K.I.S.S.) this topic involves the study of: 1. ENZYMES & HOMEOSTASIS 2. TEMPERATURE REGULATION 3. INTERNAL TRANSPORT SYSTEMS 4. EXCRETION & WATER BALANCE but first‚ an introduction... Living Things are Made of Cells Homeostasis All living things are composed of microscopic units
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CHEMICAL SIGNALS MAINTAIN HOMEOSTASIS Endocrine System: a system of glands that secrete hormones to regulate body function Hormones: chemical messengers or regulators • they are released by cells in one part of the body and affect cells in other parts of the body to speed up or slow down processes. Endocrine Hormones – are produced in glands and secreted directly into the blood and distributed by the circulatory system. Makes hormones and regulates the pituitary gland Pineal gland (makes serotonin
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