of cell-cell adhesion is one of the first mechanisms that must occur for metastasis to take place. During times of hypoxia‚ hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) downregulates expression of E-cadherin‚ a cell-cell transmembrane adhesion protein that suppresses tissue invasion and metastasis. Decreased expression of E-cadherin gives tumour cells greater motility and a greater propensity to migrate towards the circulatory vasculature and lymphatics. After the loss of cell-cell adhesion‚ the loss of
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TESTING AND SPECIFICATION OF DRYMIX MORTAR IN SINGAPORE ABSTRACT Singapore is a small island country‚ but has won renown as uncorrupted government and high quality products. Independent testing and inspection played a very important role for this achievement. The Housing and Development Board (HDB) is the sole public authority in Singapore and was set up as a statutory on 1 February 1960. Within 45 years‚ it built more than 700‚000 flats housing approximately 86% of the population. Every
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their skin and internal organs. The formation of a platelet plug can be described as a series of steps‚ but in actuality many of the steps take place simultaneously ( fi g u re 1 9 . 9 ) : 1. Platelet adhesion occurs when platelets bind to collagen ex- posed by blood vessel damage. Most platelet adhesion is medi- ated through von Willebrand factor (vWF)‚ which is a protein produced and secreted by blood vessel endothelial cells. Von Willebrand factor forms a bridge between exposed collagen of the blood
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Promotes platelet aggregation‚ vasoconstriction | Prostacyclin | | Inhibits platelet aggregation‚ vasodilation | Leukotrienes | Mast cells‚ leukocytes | Vasoconstriction & Increased vascular permeability (C4‚D4‚E4)‚ chemotaxis (B4)‚ leukocyte adhesion and activation (B4) | Cytokines | TNF | Macrophages‚ T cells | (1) Induce fever; induce WBC release from bone marrow.(2) ↑ thrombogenicity (coagulation) of endothelium‚ aggregation & activation of neutrophil (3) induce liver to synthesise
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Structure and Function Manakan Betsy Srichai and Roy Zent Abstract Integrins are a large family of heterodimeric glycoprotein receptors first discovered over twenty years ago. They exist as two noncovalently bound a- and b- subunits that function as adhesion molecules and play key roles in many biological processes including actin cytoskeleton organization and transduction of intracellular signals regulating cellular functions. Integrins bind a variety of extracellular matrices including collagens and
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Introduction Notes What is Science? Study of/tool to understand/body of knowledge/process to understand the natural world What do Scientists do? Make observations Attempt to discern patters Assume the future is like the past What is Biology? The study of life What is Life? Not ever clearly defined Characteristics of living systems: Highly organized Huge energy users 90% of food we eat is used to keep us going Development Development from a single cell to billons of cells Reproduction
Free Atom Chemical bond Electron
recent years. The new advancements have drawn a increasing interest in nanometer scale surface coating. Ultra thin film coatings can be used in a wide range of applications as lubricants‚ anti-stiction layers‚ molecular glues‚ coupling agents or adhesion layers. The mentioned molecular coatings are used to modify material surface properties. The traditional coating deposition methods consist of a set of sequential wet baths. The wet processing method is complex and limits the ability of molecular
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beginning to form that doctors can look out for.2‚3‚4 One of these etiologies is vitreomacular traction (VMT)‚ or pulling on the macula from the vitreous. This happens due to an abnormally strong adhesion of the vitreous to the macula and the natural progression of shrinking of the vitreous4. This strong adhesion allows fluid to pool in the retinal layers and the macula to swell.3‚4
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high‚ pulls heat from body‚ keeps you cool. universal solvent: water both charges‚ solute being dissolves‚ solvent does dissolving‚ hydrophilic loves water (+/-)‚ hydrophobic hates water (no charge)‚ ampipathic (both Cohesion and adhesion: cohesion water bond to water‚ adhesion water bond to anything else hydrophilic‚ capillary action both work to move water up tree roots Surface tension: hydrogen bonds give you surface tension‚ gives eco systems‚ water striders Insulator and density: ice
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Tiffany Dobbs Endometriosis Imagine a young woman about 14 years old waking up in the middle of the night with a horrible pain in her abdomen. So painful all she can do is roll up in a little ball in the corner of the room and cry. When she tries to stand to go to the restroom it feels as if all of the blood in her body rushes out of her and she passes out. When she comes too she runs to the restroom to throw up‚ then to use the restroom‚ she realizes that she is losing a tremendous amount of
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