Capital Structure and Debt Structure* Joshua D. Rauh Kellogg School of Management and NBER Amir Sufi University of Chicago Booth School of Business and NBER February 2010 *We thank Doug Diamond‚ Anil Kashyap‚ Gordon Phillips‚ Michael Roberts‚ Toni Whited‚ Luigi Zingales‚ and seminar participants at Emory University‚ Georgetown University‚ Maastricht University‚ Rice University‚ Tilburg University‚ the University of California-Berkeley‚ the University of Chicago‚ the University of Colorado
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ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF CARREFOUR ----------------------- Daniel Bernard CEO and Chairman of Carrefour Daniel Bernard CFO of Carrefour Bruce Johnson Director of Organization and Systems William Andersen Director of Merchandise and Marketing Joel Saveuse Director of Europe Zone Philippe Jarry Director of America Zone René Brillet Director of Asia Zone Expanded Committee Javier Campo Director of DIA International
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Organizational structure is the way a business organizes their companies and employees so work and goals can be accomplished on a short and long term basis. They are determined and influenced by certain functions within the organization. These functions include marketing‚ finance‚ human resources‚ and operations. Also to determine the design of the structure for the organization your look at the geographic‚ customer-base‚ products and services offered‚ separate departments‚ and more. In this paper
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Much has been written on organizational structure and change management. Research commonly breaks down organizations into stages of growth or phases in a life cycle using varying factors and benchmarks. Depending on the article‚ the organization can be in any number of stages. However‚ there are definite commonalities that can be concluded amongst the differing research. For the purposes of our project‚ we focused on three articles that helped determine where STSM is and how our recommended changes
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Organisation Structure An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided‚ grouped‚ and coordinated. (Robbins and Judge 2001). Managers need to address six key elements when they design their organization’s structure: work specialization‚ departmentalization‚ chain of command‚ span of control‚ centralization and decentralization‚ and formalization. Work Specialization Describes the degree to which activities in the organization are subdivided into separate jobs. The essence
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A matrix structure is superior to a functional and a divisional structure. Please‚ comment on this statement. In your answer‚ pay special attention to advantages and disadvantages of each structure and discuss them systematically. "If the body be feeble‚ the mind will not be strong" (Thomas Jefferson‚ 1786). If the foundation something is built upon is weak‚ the whole object will be adversely affected. Likewise‚ in an abstract manner‚ it is with any kind of model or structure. Looking at it from
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ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE Organizational structure refers to the way that an organization arranges people and jobs so that its work can be performed and its goals can be met. When a work group is very small and face-to-face communication is frequent‚ formal structure may be unnecessary‚ but in a larger organization decisions have to be made about the delegation of various tasks. Thus‚ procedures are established that assign responsibilities for various functions. It is these decisions that determine
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1) What variables have to be considered in designing the organizational structure for international operations? How do these variables interact‚ and which do you think are the most important? The major variables which have to be considered are the firm’s strategy‚ size‚ and appropriate technology as well as the environment in those parts of the world in which the firm operates. Additional variables include geographic dispersion‚ differences in time‚ language‚ cultural attitudes and business practices
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BCSCCS 303 R03 DATA STRUCTURES (Common for CSE‚ IT and ICT) L T P CREDITS 3 1 0 4 UNIT - I (15 Periods) Pseudo code & Recursion: Introduction – Pseudo code – ADT – ADT model‚ implementations; Recursion – Designing recursive algorithms – Examples – GCD‚ factorial‚ fibonnaci‚ Prefix to Postfix conversion‚ Tower of Hanoi; General linear lists – operations‚ implementation‚ algorithms UNIT - II (15 Periods)
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Advantages and disadvantages of democracy. Concepts of democracy (essay) I’m going relate about democracy regime of operation. Actually I’ll do accent on disadvantage of democracy. Because majority of the country is developing in democracy way‚ but not every country achieves perfection in spite of that democracy is the best and more acceptable way of operation. Disadvantages of democracy. I think who represent the democracy system is the ideal political regime they aren’t right. In practice
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