spreader was applied with ethanol. 2. The glass spreader was flamed to sterilize it and remove any contaminating bacteria. 3. The pipette was used to place water on agar plate. 4. The glass spreader was used to spread the water sample over the agar plates. 5. The agar plates were closed and sealed with sticky tape. 6. The agar plates were placed in the incubator and left for 48 hours. 7. Once the plates had been incubated for 48 hours‚ they were observed and the FCU colony forming units were
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Centre Number For Examiner’s Use Candidate Number Surname Other Names Examiner’s Initials Candidate Signature Question General Certificate of Secondary Education Higher Tier January 2013 Science A BL1HP H Unit Biology B1 Biology Unit Biology B1 Wednesday 9 January 2013 9.00 am to 10.00 am Mark 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 TOTAL For this paper you must have: a ruler. You may use a calculator. Time allowed 1 hour Instructions Use black ink or black ball-point pen. Fill in the boxes at the
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Polysaccharide Biotechnology essay “It has been claimed that polysaccharides are relatively simple substances without much variety in terms of their structure and their application in an industrial or medical contact.” Write an essay giving a reasoned treatise why you do or do not agree with this statement. In your answer‚ compare and contrast the structure‚ costs of production‚ possibility for chemical/enzymatic modification and the industrial applications of two structural polysaccharides (such
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occurs if damaged by alcohols‚ ammonium‚ and polymyxin antibiotics. Phospholipid bilayer‚ peripheral proteins‚ integral protein‚ transmembrane protein‚ sterols‚ glycocalyx Movement across Membranes Simple diffusion: Movement of solute from high concentration to low Facilitative diffusion: Solute combines with transporter protein in membrane Osmosis: water moves across permeable membrane from concentration of high water to low Osmotic pressure: Pressure needed to stop pure water from moving
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2. Experimental 2.1. Experimental procedure for the synthesis of bone-like CS-PEG-HA-ZrO2 nanocomposites (BNC I-III). At first‚ ZrO2 nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by using the previously reported method [16]. Briefly‚ aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (purchased from HiMedia Private Ltd.) (40 ml 0.05M) was slowly added in zirconium oxychloride octahydrate (purchased from Merck India Ltd.) solution (100 ml 0.01M) prepared in methanol-water (1:1) at 5 oC temperature. The mixture was stirred
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JFS: Concise Reviews in Food Science Concise Reviews and Hypotheses in Food Science Active Packaging Technologies with an Emphasis on Antimicrobial Packaging and its Applications P. SUPPAKUL‚ J. MILTZ‚ K. SONNEVELD‚ AND S.W. BIGGER ABSTRACT: In response to the dynamic changes in current consumer demand and market trends‚ the area of Active Packaging (AP) is becoming increasingly significant. Principal AP systems include those that involve oxygen scavenging‚ moisture absorption and control
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medicines compared to commercial drugs. Nowadays‚ the traditional decoction preparation has been widely used however‚ the safety of its oral use against normal microflora‚ is still ambiguous despite traditional practice hence‚ this study. The disc diffusion method was used to determine the antibacterial activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria (standard strains and clinical isolates). Antibacterial activity was tested on E. coli‚ S. aureus‚ B. subtilis and P. aeruginosa. Results show
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(2014)‚ the antimicrobial activities of 50% methanolic crude extracts of Mimosa pudica L were evaluated against different bacteria by agar well diffusion method & MIC determination. The crude extract showed a broad spectrum of antibacterial activities by inhibiting the respective bacteria in Agar well diffusion assay. Inhibitory zone of 17.25 mm to 20 mm diameter for Mimosa pudica extracts were observed against selected microorganism. The present study supports the immense
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Review Sheet Exercise I: Survey of Higher Microorganisms: Protozoa‚ Fungi‚ and Helminths Protozoa (group of Kingdom Protista) 1. Amoeba a. nucleus- dark center of the cell b. food vacuole- They feed by taking nutrients into the cell by diffusion and packaging it into (clear circles spread throughout the cell) c. pseudopod- “false foot”; the motility results from the streaming of the protoplasm that forms the process 2. Entamoeba causes amoebiasis or amoebic dysentery‚
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Kamias (Averrhoa bilimbi) LEAVES AND FRUIT EXTRACT: ITS ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT ON Escherichia coli‚ Staphylococcus aureus AND Salmonella enteritidis A Science Investigatory Project as an Entry for the 2008 School Level Science Fair Ellaine
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