AGGREGATE DEMAND - the total spending on goods and services in a period of time at a given price level C + I + G + (X – M) C = Consumption o The total spending by consumers on domestic goods and services ▪ Durable goods: used by consumers over a period of time (i.e. cars‚ computers‚ mobile phones) ▪ Non – durable goods: used up immediately or over a short time span (i.e. rice‚ toilet paper‚ newspapers) o Causes of change in consumption ▪ Changes in income –
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| |[pic] | | | | |Participatory BudgetING and public expenditure management training manual | | | Contents Principles and Approaches of Participatory Budgeting 5 Introduction 5 An innovation
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Revenue and Capital Expenditure Revenue and Capital expenditure are slightly different. Revenue expenditure is money that is spent on items that are only going to be used once‚ such as printer paper‚ stock‚ repairs‚ petrol etc. These items would go under expenses in the profit and loss account and would be included as part of revenue in balance sheet. Capital Expenditure is money spent by a business on items that are going to be used more than one time‚ for example machinery‚ buildings and
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Expenditure of Non-staff is divided into direct and indirect expenses. Direct expenses are linked with the patients‚ such as medical and surgical supplies and drugs. Whereas‚ indirect expenses are expenses for items such as utilities‚ comprising of gas‚ electricity‚ maintenance and support functions. As a ward manager‚ it is very important to be knowledgeable about cost effectiveness. It’s a strategy that helps to maintain the equilibrium between cost and quality. QALY (Quality Adjusted Life Year)
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Capital Expenditures in the Hospitality Industry Abstract Hotels of any size are costly investments to begin with. The costs involved in maintaining the property to the necessary levels to keep attracting customers can at times be very high. Capital expenditures projects in the hospitality industry are primarily focused on the achievement of customer safety and comfort in a clean‚ friendly‚ and healthy environment. This paper will describe what capital expenditures are‚ what is involved in setting
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Expenditures and Revenues Matrix August 5‚ 2013 AJS 522 Importance of Informed financial decisions There are three different levels of the government who assesses the budgets on a federal‚ local‚ and state budget. The government’s finance team goes over the budget and decides how to distribute the funds. It is very important when distributing money from the tax payers funds. The tax payers money has to be used correctly or when reelection comes around the tax payers may not reelect
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Funding School Expenditures Laura Bristle Grand Canyon University: EDA 535 March 31‚ 2015 Agenda • Use of Public Resources to Influence Elections (§16-192) • Override General Information • Maintenance and Operations • District Additional Assistance §16-192 • A. …schools or charter schools…shall not spend or use public resources to influence an election‚ including the use or expenditure of monies‚ accounts‚ credit‚ materials‚ equipment‚ buildings‚ facilities‚ vehicles‚ postage‚ telecommunications
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hands-on example‚ of what is it like to conduct an aggregate distribution test and to then note our findings. To put into practice what we learnt in class. Methodology: We first setup teams in the class and verified the steps listed on our lab. Detail sheet. Once it was our team’s turn‚ Fatima‚ Lei and I went to get our lab coats on then selected a stainless steel mixing bowl that was in a big wooden box. We then went to the soil/aggregates room where I held the bowl and Lei shovelled in an
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------------------------------------------------- Public Expenditures Overview A comparison of Public Expenditures on Health in the two countries is the preliminary basis for evaluating where India stands with respect to the current superpower China‚ as both have strikingly similar demographics and health patterns. ------------------------------------------------- An overview of the evolution of the health systems in China and India reveals some similar patterns and striking differences
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Q.1 : Explain the meaning‚ importance and objectives of public expenditure. Ans. MEANING OF PUBLIC EXPENDITURE:- Public Expenditure refers to Government Expenditure. It is incurred by Central and State Governments. The Public Expenditure is incurred on various activities for the welfare of the people and also for the economic development‚ especially in developing countries. In other words The Expenditure incurred by Public authorities like Central‚ State and local governments to satisfy the collective
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