Dried Papaya Leaves as Organic Mulch for Tomato Plants Abstract Mulching in agricultural provides a safe yet equally profitable method of enriching and fertilizing the soil planted with crops. Most often-used mulches are of organic composition‚ such as dry leaves and barks. Unlike synthetic fertilizers and herbicides‚ these organic mulches pose no or little damage to the soil and crops. In this study‚ the effectiveness of dried papaya leaves as organic mulch for tomato was tested. Papaya mulches
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result in less surface runoff‚ thus a lower volume of water. Less permeable rocks will then have more surface runoff‚ thus a higher volume of water. Vegetation on land such as trees and plants also affects the volume of water‚ as vegetation intercepts rain. The upper course usually has more vegetation‚ while the lower courses have less vegetation intercepting precipitation. Sparse vegetation results in less water infiltrating the ground‚ thus there will be more surface runoff‚ resulting in a larger
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Locate the roof area or other water-resistant surfaces that will contribute runoff to your rain garden. 2. Use a tape measure to measure the area you are interested in. 3. Once you have estimated the length and width‚ multiply the two measurements to get the area of the water-resistant surface in square feet. 4. Divide this area by 6. This calculation tells you how large the rain garden should be to hold 1” of runoff in a rain garden that is 6” deep. Rain Garden Construction 1. If the yard is
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GCSE Geography| Topic 2| Water On The Land What are the Key Ideas for this Topic? The Shape of river valleys changes as the river flows downstream River Features & Landforms Storm Hydrographs Flooding in MEDC’s and LEDC’s Hard and Soft Strategies for River Management and Reservoirs The Shape of river valleys and River Processes A rivers long profile changes over its course. Every river has: An Upper Course Middle Course Lower Course Long Profile- shows how the gradient
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conditioning bill in half. 2. Trees save tax payers. Trees in a city slow storm water runoff and reduce the need for storm sewers. Tree shade also helps cool municipal buildings‚ lowering electricity bills. 3. Trees cool our cities. Urban "heat islands" are directly related to massive tree-cutting for development. 4. Trees clean our water and air. From low level ozone in our cities to pesticide and fertilizer runoff from our farms‚ trees absorb harmful pollutants. 5. Trees help community
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watering needs at this time‚ they could use collected rainwater to fill and run the fountains. This process would include catching the rainwater runoff from nearby campus buildings‚ storing the runoff in rain barrels‚ and distributing it to the fountains. A major component to the Rainwater Harvesting notion is maximizing the collection of water from surface runoff. Since they would be using the water to fill and run fountains on campus‚ Austin College could utilize the buildings that are closest to the
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techniques such as deep ploughing land 2 or 3 times a year to produce annual crops Lack of crop rotation Planting crops down the contour instead of along it. Water erosion Water erosion causes two sets of problems: An on-site loss of agricultural potential An off-site effect of downstream movement of sediment‚ causing flooding and the silting up of reservoirs. Sheet erosion Soil erosion is
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SCS Runoff Curve The HEC-HMS generated graph showing the rainfall-runoff relationship is shown in Figure 4-5. From the figure‚ it is observed that the trend behaves in a semi-parabolic manner‚ where the runoff gradually increases as rainfall goes higher. The upward concavity of the line means that precipitation is not entirely converted to runoff. This may be attributed to losses due to infiltration and deep percolation‚ evapotranspiration
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Effects of Pesticide Case Study INTRODUCTION The Bago City is the rice granary of Negros Occidental. The farmers of Bago City are struggling because of the pest. They have decreased their production of rice because of the pest. Our goal of engaging this case study is to analyze and see the effect of the pesticide to the crops. We are to seek good and bad effects of these pesticides. We’re going to focus only on finding the effects of these pesticides so we can come up with a good report. By observing
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physical causes are‚ the monsoon climate brings very heavy rain and snow‚ and soils are leached and heavy runoff results in soil erosion‚ snow melting results in soil erosion and a rapid increase in river discharge. Moreover some more reasons are because deforestation in head water areas due to increasing population in Nepal and Tibet. Trees cleared for fuel and grazing land ‚ less evaporation more runoff and faster soil corrosion‚ Rivers silt up due to increased soil erosion. This raises the river bed
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