biological and physiological characteristics that define men and women. Gender refers to the socially constructed roles‚ behaviours‚ activities‚ and attributes that a given society considers appropriate for men and women. 5. Describe how Mary Ainsworth
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COMM 1000 – EXAM 2 STUDY GUIDE In preparation for the second exam‚ familiarize yourself with the following material. Be aware that the exam will be comprised of: Multiple Choice‚ Short Answer‚ and Essay style questions. You should be able to demonstrate an understanding of major terms and concepts as well as their practical applications. Please note that anything covered in lecture‚ the assigned readings (Chapters 6-9)‚ or in your discussion section is fair game for the exam. INTERPERSONAL
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Grossman and Grossman (1991) researched infant-father attachment and found that there is a key role for the father’s in social development. Their aim was to see if the Strange Situation test (by Ainsworth et al (1978)) can be used to explore attachment types in German infants and to explore the relationship between maternal sensitivity and attachment type. They used 49 German families using the Strange Situation and measure attachment type and controlled
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References: Ainsworth‚ M. et.al‚ (1978)‚ cited in Oates‚ J.‚ Lewis‚ C.‚ and Lamb‚ M. (2005)‚ ‘Parenting and Attachment’‚ in Ding‚ S. and Littleton‚ K. (eds) Children’s Personal and Social development‚ Oxford‚ Blackwell/The Open University. Bowlby‚ J.‚ (1969)‚ Attachment
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Reactive Attachment Disorder Fahimullah Bokhari Brain & Behavior Reactive attachment disorder (RAD) is a condition found in children who have trouble developing healthy lasting relationships. On a psychologically perspective‚ attachment occurs when the child is given the fundamental needs of comfort‚ attention‚ and nurturing. The disorder stems from not having received love and care from their parents or caregivers before the age of 5. The child’s damaged past causes the inability to connect
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the internal working model is the continuity hypothesis‚ which is a key theory to explaining childhood or adolescent experiences on later adult relationships‚ where it states that childhood relationships will affect your future relationships‚ Mary Ainsworth explores this by looking at our relationships as infants as concluded three types: Secure‚ insecure-avoidant‚ insecure-resistant. Secure is where the infant is in a calm state even without the presence of the primary caregiver‚ secure avoidant is
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The attachment theory came about in the early 1950’s from psychologists John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth. The definition of attachment according to Bowlby is the enduring deep emotional bond between a child and a specific caregiver. Bowlby described attachment as a “lasting psychological connectedness between human beings” (Bowlby‚ 1969‚ p. 194). Bowlby believed that attachment characterized human experience from "the cradle to the grave." Attachment is not only present in infants but it continues
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References: Ainsworth M(1978) cited by Wood C‚ Littleton K & Oates J (2003) p.30 ’Lifespan Development’ in Cooper T & Roth I (eds) Challenging Psychological Issues‚ Milton Keynes‚ The Open University Bowlby J 1946 cited by Wood C‚ Littleton K & Oates J (2003) p.22-29
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The Relational Approach to Counselling I this essay I intend to demonstrate my understanding of the Relational Approach and its underlying theory. I will show throughout this essay that it is essential to understand relationships‚ their development and impact on humans. I am also going to discuss the concept of secure base and repeating relational patterns. I will then consider the implications of working with a culturally diverse population and how this effect the counsellor‘s way of being with
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Attachment is described as the socio-emotional bond between individuals (Wicks-Nelson & Isreal‚ 2009). Healthy parental attachment develops in the first year of life through consistent‚ sensitive‚ and responsive parenting from a stable caregiver (Ainsworth‚ 1979; Barnas & Cummings‚ 1994; Sroufe‚ 2005). The attachment relationship with a caregiver is an essential component in helping to form the foundation for healthy personality and functioning in society. For example‚ attachment is known to influence
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