CHAPTER 2: CELLS Learning about disease is often simplified by growing it in a dish – some cells like heart and nerve cells however do not grow easily outside the body. Cellular reprogramming takes cell back to a state similar to stem cells and then coaxes them to specialize in a different way. Example – LEOPARD syndrome MIM 151100. Acronym for symptoms: enlarged heart w/blocked valves to the lungs‚ freckles‚ abnormal genitals‚ deafness. Skin cells taken from patients were reprogrammed to give
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SCHEME OF EXAMINATION FOR B.Sc. (ZOOLOGY) SEMESTER SYSTEM w.e.f. Session 2011-12 Scheme of B.Sc. 1st Year Semester I Sr. No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Paper code 1.1 1.2 P-101 2.1 2.2 Nomenclature Life and Diversity from Protozoa to Porifera and Cell Biology – I Life and Diversity from Coelentrata to Helminthes and Cell Biology – II Practical Marks+IA 40+10 40+10 40+10 40+10 40+10 40+10 300 Periods / week 4 4 4 4 4 4 Exam. Duration 3 hrs. 3 hrs. 3hrs. 3 hrs. 3 hrs. 3hrs. Semester II Life and Diversity
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Scientists Solved the Mystery behind Bengal White Tigers Scientists from Peking University‚ Beijing in May 2013 discovered that a change in single amino acid (A477V) in one pigmentation relate gene (SLC45A2) is the cause of white fur or sepia brown stripes in some tigers. The scientists studied 16 captive white tigers from three different parents to come up with the conclusion. As per the scientists‚ two types of melanin namely pheomelanin and eumelanin are used for identifying the color of
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1. Background Information 1.1 Geography The United Republic of Tanzania is located in the East of Africa bordering the Indian Ocean‚ between Kenya and Mozambique. It has borders with Burundi‚ the Democratic Republic of Congo‚ Malawi‚ Rwanda‚ Uganda and Zambia. Tanzania contains of 945‚087square kilometers‚ including the islands of Zanzibar‚ Mafia and Pemba. Thus it is about three times as big as Germany. Tanzania has a very special and unique landscape due to the Kilimanjaro‚ which is the highest
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Biology Grade 11 Exam Study Guide Diversity Taxonomic Categories Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Hierarchy From most general to most specific Binomial Nomenclature System used to identify all organisms on Earth Identifies an organism by its genus and species (ex. Humans-homo sapiens) Developed by Linnaeus in the 18th century Identifying Species 3 methods: Morphology Form and shape It is simple but there are natural variations in population Biology
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Infancy: 0-2 years Childhood: 3-8 years Adolescence: 9-18 years Early Adulthood: 19-45 years Middle Adulthood: 45-65 years Later adulthood: 65+ years Conception Pituitary gland signal to ovaries‚ release ovum Ovum travels down fallopian tubes (24 hours until it dies) can be fertilised From ejaculation sperm reaches & enters egg. Nuclei fuse together (½ genes mum‚ ½ genes dad) Fertilised egg travels to swelled/thickened lining of uterus Neonate: newborn baby – helpless‚ not control
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GENETICS JARGON Alleles (allelomorphs) Alternative forms of a particular gene. There can be several alleles of a particular gene in the population‚ but only 2 alleles can be inherited by a single individual. For simplicity much literature aimed at the general reader uses "gene" where it means "allele". Allelic Series A series of alleles that are all mutant forms of the same gene and are at the same locus (same position on the chromsome). Alternate Heredity Mendelian inheritance involving
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TYPES AND PREVALENCE OF BIRTH DEFECTS AMONG BABIES BORN TO MOTHERS ON ARV DRUGS AND THEIR COUNTER-PARTS IN MBARARA‚ UGANDA. BY DR. NTUUYO FRED MBChB‚ MSc. Anat (MUST) SUPERVISOR -------------------------------------------- A research proposal written as a requirement for PhD research in human anatomy March 2010 TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE …………………………………………………………………….... 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS …………………………………………………. 2 ACRONYMS USED ……….………………………………………………
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BLUEPRINT OF LIFE: CHAPTER 2 GENETICS Gregor Mendel’s experiments helped advance our knowledge of the inheritance of characteristics 2.1 GREGOR MENDEL AND THE BIRTH OF GENETICS Gregor Mendel (1822-84) – ‘the father of genetics’ Born in Austria He was an Augustinian monk He worked as a teacher and as an investigator He observed the growth of peas He recorded the ratios of characteristics that appeared in the offspring His discovery stated he observed a pattern in the inheritance of characteristics
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