Streptococcus faecalis Streptococcus faecalis also known as strep D‚ is now known as Enterococcus faecalis. Enterococcus faecalis is part of the Enterococcaceae family. This organism is a gram positive and usually occurs in pairs called diplococci. It is facultative anaerobic‚ and is nonmotile. This organism is a lactose fermenter and can be grown in 6.5% NaCL. Enterococcus faecalis is considered non-hemolytic‚ meaning it does not break down blood cells. Enterococcus faecalis is part of normal
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Gram Positive Unknown: “Enterococcus faecalis” Family: enterococcaceae Genus: enterococcus Species: faecalis Gram + Oxygen class: facultative anaerobe Temperature class: mesophile – they can grow in the range of 10 °C - 45 °C pH class: can grow at a pH range of (4.6 – 9.9) with the optimum at 7.5 Enterococci can survive very harsh environments including extreme alkaline pH 9.6 and salt concentrations (basic). Environment: They can
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Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Polyhydroxyalkanoates: bioplastics with a green agenda Tajalli Keshavarz and Ipsita Roy Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) has been investigated for more than eighty years but recently a number of factors including increase in the price of crude oil and public awareness of the environmental issues have become a notable driving force for extended research on biopolymers. The versatility of PHAs has made them good candidates for the study
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use of the polymer produced related to it’s properties. Polyhydroxybutanoate (PHB) Progress Analysis: - Bacteria first used to make PHB in 1925 at Pastuer Institute in Paris. - In 1970’s adopted by Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) – Alcaligenes Eutrophus grown in fermentation vats with Molasses - The bacteria is then starved of nutrients (glucose and nitrogen) – PHB is produced as an energy store for the bacteria. - In 1980’s Maddison University (Virgina) successfully cloned the 3
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made which can be left in place to heal fractured bones. Once the bone is healed‚ the PHB is slowly broken down within the body without any adverse effects. Production of PHB... The biopolymer PHB is produced by placing bacteria‚ such as Alcaligenes Eutrophus and Pseudomonas‚ in a suitable growth medium e.g. molasses from agricultural waste and fed high levels of nutrients such as glucose‚ causing it to multiply rapidly. Nitrogen is then
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Enterococcus faecalis is a gram positive‚ commensal bacterium inhabiting the gastrointestinal tracts of humans and other mammals [1].E. faecalis can cause life-threatening infections in humans. Moreover‚ the antibiotic resistance exhibited at high levels by E. faecalis contributes to its pathogenicity [2]. Several reports state that enterococcal species possess the property of causing a variety of diseases in humans [3‚ 4]. It is known from previous studies that Enterococcus faecalis can cause endocarditis
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In the experiment involving varying pH levels‚ E. faecalis‚ S. epidermidis‚ L. lactis‚ and L. casei were subjected to different pH levels and then were allowed to incubate in order to determine the minimum‚ maximum‚ and optimum pH levels for growth of specific bacterial species. It was found that lower pH levels between 2 and 4 inhibited or promoted little to no growth for E. faecalis‚ S. epidermidis‚ and L. casei. It is evident that these bacteria were resistant to alkaline environments‚ however
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1. ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS AND STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS OUTLINE The Human indigenous micro flora consists of opportunistic pathogens along with other nonpathogenic bacterial strains. Two eloquent members of the category of gram- positive bacteria‚ Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus belong to this category. Being a facultative anaerobe‚ aero tolerant anaerobe respectively‚ both of these organisms inhabited the human body for centuries. Ability to thrive in extreme condition
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Antibacterial activity of allopathic medicine versus phytomedicine against Enterococcus faecalis: An in-vitro study. Abstract Background: A successful endodontic treatment depends on appropriate instrumentation‚ irrigation‚ decontamination and obturation. Decontamination of root canal plays a crucial role in the success of endodontic treatment. Therefore‚ a suitable medicament is essential which can effectively eliminate bacterial contamination. Aim and objectives: To investigate and compare the
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Enterococcus Faecalis Sensitivity Towards Ampicillin‚ Penicillin‚ and Tetracycline Introduction Enterococci are bacteria that are included in the intestinal flora of humans and are relatively harmless. One method Enterococci maintain a symbiotic relationship is by hydrolyzing esculin in the presence of bile (Susan L. Fraser‚ 2012). However Enterococci are in the top three-nosocomial infections. When infected‚ enterococci can cause numerous infections such as urinary tract infection coupled with
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