significant doses of nicotine to the brain‚ which affects the dopamine receptors in the brain to give tobacco smokers pleasure. Smoking cigarettes is extremely reinforcing this is the result of both the physical addiction to nicotine and the psychological complement of smoking. (Kozlowski‚ Henningfield‚ & Braigham‚ 2001) a. Effects nicotine has on the brain. The active ingredient for addiction is nicotine a naturally occurring drug found in all different forms of tobacco‚ nicotine is classified as a
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Caffeine What do you call a cow who’s just given birth? De-calf-inated! How many of you have had a cup of coffee today? How about a soft drink? Chocolate? An Excedrin? All of the above products have one thing in common: They all contain caffeine. In this speech‚ we’ll look at caffeine’s origins and how it spread‚ some caffeinated products‚ and the effects that caffeine has on the body. On any given day‚ four out of five Americans have a already digested it‚ making it the World’s most popular
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The treatment for nicotine addiction There are many treatments for nicotine addiction including replacement therapy which is Nicotine substitution treatment. This is safe and great in treating nicotine dependence. Nicotine substitution treatment Gives you nicotine without tobacco and the destructive chemicals in tobacco smoke. Nicotine substitution items help ease withdrawal manifestations and desires. The best time to begin utilizing nicotine substitution prescription is on the date you’ve set
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effect of coffee on the heart rate of daphnia Aim: To find out the effect of different caffeine concentrations on heart rate in daphnia Independent variable: • Caffeine concentration Dependent variable: • Daphnia heart rate Controlled variables: • Size of daphnia • Habitat from which the daphnia is obtained • Temperature of the surrounding How the variables can be controlled: • Equally sized daphnia should be used in the experiment • All daphnia should be collected at a same place
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What is the content difference between energy drinks and coffee and are they safe? There are hundreds of different brands of energy drinks being marketed and their caffeine content per can or bottle ranges from just 50 mg to as much as 505 mg (Weise‚ 2008). Energy drinks are most commonly consumed by people 11-35 years old (Ballard et al.‚ 2010). Energy drink companies can say anything they want about energy and performance effects of the drinks‚ and while some energy drinks are banned in some
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number of microscopes you have and access to a healthy culture of Daphnia. Students can readily follow this procedure working in pairs. Because of the variability of results between individual Daphnia it is not appropriate to make conclusions from one set of results‚ so each pair (or group) of students should carry out more than one investigation to contribute to the class set. One option is to record a live video of a sample Daphnia‚ during a time period in which students count the heart beats.
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Abby Goldschmidt Honors Biology 2° Mrs. Gempel September 3‚ 2015 Daphnia Lab Results Paper Abstract The goal of the study was to observe the effects of multiple chemicals on a Daphnia magna’s heart-rate compared to a control (pond water). The different chemicals were caffeine and alcohol. The heart-rate was the main variable in this experiment. The Daphnia’s heart-rate was observed for 15 seconds and then multiplied by 4 to show its heart-rate in one minute. This was repeated 4 times for each
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Nicotine is an alkaloid present in plants of the Family Solanaceae. Most commonly found in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum)‚ nicotine serves as a plant secondary chemical to protect plants against insects and other herbivores. Nicotine is an addictive stimulant in mammals‚ and is commonly used in cigarettes‚ cigars‚ pipes‚ and chewing tobacco. Nicotine can be administered to the body in many ways: orally through smoking tobacco‚ inhaling vaporized nicotine‚ or ingesting nicotine substances such as gum
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In his book Caffeine Blues a famous researcher‚ health educator‚ and clinical nutritionist Stephen Cherniske compares remaining healthy and strong throughout life to a battle. “Caffeine is the Trojan horse. It looks like a gift but instead delivers adrenalin stress‚ low blood sugar‚ mood and energy swings‚ fatigue‚ depression‚ malnutrition‚ and disturbed sleep”. Although caffeine is considered a mild drug‚ the consequences of caffeine addiction are rather severe and include physical and mental health
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The popular name for Daphnia is ‘water fleas’ because they resemble fleas in shape and movement. Unlike fleas‚ which are insects‚ Daphnia are crustaceans classified under the scientific order‚ Cladocera. The purpose of this experiment was to examine the alertness of Daphnia ambigua alertness at different temperatures. It involved the incubation of 30 Daphnia ambigua in three 100ml beakers. Exposing each beaker to a different temperature revealed that temperature of the surrounding environment had
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