Chapter 9 The World of Plastics and Polymers Overview • Plastics are all around us – Polymers‚ materials whose molecules consist of long chain of atoms • Natural • Synthetic • Use of material and impact on economy‚ lifestyle‚ and leisure – Word plastic to some carry connotation “cheap” or “tacky” – Synthetic polymers revolutionised modern life • eg plastics become important in automobile industry‚ some new plastics stronger than steel and resist corrosion‚ less dense than structural
Premium Polymer
(EtOAc) and toluene by using the method of fractional distillation and to analyze the fractions using gas chromatography (GC). ethyl acetate toluene Distillation is a method known as separating or purifying a liquid or mixture by vaporization and condensation. In a simple distillation‚ the liquids being separated boil below 150 0C at 1 atmosphere from nonvolatile impurities and another liquid that boils at least 25 0C higher than the first. A solution is heated to its boiling point. The vapor of the
Premium Distillation Chromatography Gas chromatography
1.0 Learning outcome Upon completion of this course‚ student should be able to 1.1 Explain safety procedures according to the workshop safety regulation. 1.2 Perform maintenance of aircond compressor. 2.0 Tools/ Equipment 3.0 Safety Equipment 3.1 Face shield/ Google 3.2 Apron / Jacket 3.3 Gloves 3.4 Safety Boot 4.0 Rules And Regulation In Workshop 1. Always listen carefully to the teacher and follow instructions. 2. Do not run in the workshop‚ you could
Premium Air conditioning HVAC Gas compressor
and temp a liquid differs from a gas because the molecules of the liquid take shape of the container they are in. • The phase change in which a solid becomes a liquid is known as the melting. Liquid to gas is evaporation. Gas to liquid is condensation. Liquid to solid is freezing. Solid to gas is sublimation. Gas to solid is deposition. • The temp of a liquid during boiling increases • Under the same conditions of pressure & temp a liquid forms a gas because the molecules of the liquid
Premium Atom Energy Chemical bond
Oxygen Requirements of Bacteria BACKGROUND The GasPak system is useful for culturing anaerobic bacteria on standard microbiological media because the GasPak generates carbon dioxide and hydrogen. The hydrogen will combine with oxygen present in an anaerobic jar to produce water. This system can reproducibly attain oxygen levels in the parts per million range if used correctly. This is the best method for determining the oxygen requirements of unknown organisms. A candle jar is useful
Premium Oxygen Cellular respiration Bacteria
Basic chemistry of a cell Properties of water – – – Life on Earth began in water and evolved there for 3 billion years before spreading onto land. Modern life‚ even terrestrial life‚ remains tied to water. All living organisms require water more than any other substance. Human beings for example‚ can survive for quite for a few weeks without food‚ but only a week or so without water. – – – Water is deceptively simple. It is shaped something like a wide V‚ with its two hydrogen atoms joined
Free Protein DNA Amino acid
The Origin and Evolution of Life on Earth Why do we start the discussion of biology with a discussion of geology? Here are some reasons why one would do this: * All life on earth is linked to geology; likewise‚ many surface geologic features and processes have been influenced by life on earth. The origin and early evolution of the earth are especially important when looking at the origin and early evolution of life on earth. * Life chemistry had its origin with the elements available to
Free DNA
1800’s. (Wikipedia) The first steam engines operated on the ability of steam to condense back into liquid rather than on its ability to expand. When steam condenses‚ the liquid takes less space than the steam. If this condensation takes place in a sealed container‚ it creates a partial vacuum‚ or a pressure much lower than that of the surrounding atmosphere. Liquids and gases tend to flow from regions of higher pressure to regions of lower pressure‚ so when a vessel
Premium Steam engine
temperature increases‚ water vapor capacity of air also increases. Dew Point Temperature- Conceptual Framework: As temp. of parcel of air decreases R.H. increases When Parcel of air has cooled to the dew point of temp‚ it becomes saturated and condensation takes place. With altitude pressure decreases – as parcel of air rises – it comes under low pressure – and expands. Adiabatic – a process where the parcel temperature changes due to an expansion or compression‚ no heat is added or take away
Premium Dew point Water vapor Atmospheric thermodynamics
5. ENERGY BALANCE Basis:- 1 Hr. Operation ENERGY BALANCES ACROSS THE FEED PREHEATING EQUIPMENT:The heating of cold 2-butanol feed is to be completed in three stages in order to avoid large heat losses. The cold feed is first preheated to its boiling point using steam as heating medium and then vaporized in a thermosyphon reboiler utilizing the heat contained in the reaction products. The vapor‚ which has entrained liquid is removed from the knock out drum‚ and then heated to reaction temperature
Free Thermodynamics Energy Temperature