properly overall. Introduction: Esters have a very sweetly fruity smell. Obviously occurring esters are found in fruits. An ester is the product of the reaction between an acid (usually organic) and an alcohol. Esters essentially result from the condensation (a reaction that produces water) of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. The process is called esterification. This reaction can be catalyzed by the presence of H+ ions. However H2SO4 is often used as a catalyst for this reaction. This is the most
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polyester chips. The process description is as follows Polyester chips are manufactured by two step chemical reactions between PTA ( Pure terephtalic acid ) and MEG (Mono ethylene glycol) The two step reaction are : Esterfication and Poly condensation Process description : PTA and MEG mixed together in paste mixing tank. Mixing of paste is done by special type of agitator. The slurry obtained in paste tank is fed to esterification reactor by screw pump. The esterification reaction is carried
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1. Adsorption: Concentration of liquid or gaseous molecules over the surface of a solid material is known as adsorption. It is a surface phenomenon. (e.g.) H2 adsorption over nickel. The solid material is known as adsorbent. (e.g.) Nickel‚ Silica gel‚ Charcoal‚ Zeolite The gaseous or liquid molecules are adsorbate (e.g.) H2 gas‚ Bromine‚ benzene‚ water vapour For gases‚ a special name is given as “occlusion’ 2.If the concentration is of bulk phenomenon‚ it is absorption
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variation. Carbohydrates can be broken down into monosaccharides which is a single sugar unit that can be glucose‚ fructose and galactose. This is called catabolism. Disaccharides are 2 sugar units linked together such as condensation‚ lactose‚ sucrose or maltose. Condensation allows to from water. Polysaccharides are multi-sugars. This can provide starch by glyosidic bonds. Another is glycogen. This product is stored as glucose which is reserved in the liver and muscle. Carbohydrates
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is the term used to describe a substance made by joining many units together. * 2 classes of polymers based on how the mers are joined together. * Addition – mers joined without the loss of atoms (presence of unsaturated carbons). * Condensation – mers joined through the loss of atoms from the functional groups of each monomer. Radioactive isotopes: * Everything with an atomic number over 82 is radioactive. * Unstable nuclei; too many neutrons:protons‚ large nuclei * Cobalt
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are released during a volcantic eruption including water vapor. Water vapor was the main contributor to where the primary ocean waters originated from. This is because the water vapor condensates after being gassed out of the volcanoes‚ once the condensation occurs then precipitation is created. 3) Describe the hydrologic cycle as if you were a particle of water going through it. If I were a particle traveling though the hydrologic cycle I would being by floating on top of the ocean and soaking up
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Is Our Atmosphere Unique? The planet Jupiter has the biggest atmosphere in our solar system. Jupiter’s atmosphere is composed of 90% hydrogen and 9.9% helium and .1% other gases such as sulfur‚ methane‚ ammonia‚ and water vapor. It is able to hold its atmosphere in because of its massive gravitational pull that is around 2.5 times stronger than earth’s pull. To put that into perspective‚ if you weigh 100 pounds on earth you would weigh 250 pounds on Jupiter. The atmospheric layers are the
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MP3003/AE3003 Heat Transfer Semester 1‚ AY 2012-2013 (9) Heat Exchangers by Assoc Prof Leong Kai Choong School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Read Chapter 11 of the textbook before these lecture slides © Dr. K.C. Leong‚ 2006 Lecture 2:Radiation & Conservation of Energy Requirement Learning Objectives At the end of these lectures‚ you should be able to: • recognise numerous types of heat exchangers‚ and classify them‚ • develop an awareness of fouling on surfaces‚ and determine
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Over the brief time I’ve been driving‚ I found there to be a drastic difference in driving in the winter and driving in the summer. The winter weather brings many dangerous conditions to contend with on the road that the summer does not. Cold‚ wet‚ freezing winters are much harder to drive in than the dryer summer months. First‚ we will look at the similarities in driving during both months. A driver still has the same road rules that apply no matter what season; properly signaling‚ and obeying
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Hulme City Challenge‚ Manchester Initial Problems Hulme used to be Manchester’s most deprived area. Poor construction led to dampness‚ leaking roofs and cracks in walls. Electrical heating increased condensation and corroded the internal structure. Cockroach infestations reported regularly. Vacant units were increasingly let to families lower down the housing list. Cosmetic attempts (e.g. redecoration) increased costs but had little impact. A child fell from a balcony in 1970. Crime rates
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