Task 3: The chemical tests used in order to carry out and collect these results are useful for the simple identification of colourless organic liquids and ones that are often found at the scenes of crime. The first test carried out was the Lucas test which was used to identify a variety of alcohols following the contribution of a given solution‚ from carrying this out I could then identify that primary and secondary alcohols were present with one tertiary alcohol also being present however despite
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www.igcse.at.ua ORGANIC CHEMISTRY OIL and its many useful PRODUCTS The origin of oil Crude oil is formed from organic material of the remains of plant and animal organisms that lived millions of years ago. These remains form sediments eg at the bottom of seas‚ and become buried under layers of sedimentary rock. They decay‚ without air (oxygen)‚ under the action of heat and pressure to form crude oil over millions of years. It is a fossil fuel because it is formed from
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Name: Date: Score: /72 INTRODUCTION TO ISOMERISM AND ALKENES EXERCISES 1. Draw the one constitutional isomer that is missing from column 1 of Model 1. (2 points) 2. Draw ten skeletal representations constitutional isomers missing from column 2 in Model 1 as you can. (Hint: Other than cyclohexane‚ there are 11 ways to draw a six-carbon backbone that contains a ring. Plus there are isomers of cyclohexane that do not contain a ring.) (10 points) 3. Are
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experimentally observed competing dihydroxylation reaction and the ligand-induced reaction rate acceleration. Introduction Sharpless et al. reported in the 1970s an aza-analogon of the osmium-catalyzed cis-vicinal dihydroxylation (DH)1 of alkenes‚ the aminohydroxylation (AH).2‚3 In 1996 it was rendered asymmetric4 and extended to a large variety of substrates in the following. The AH is synthetically important as it provides straightforward access to the aminoalcohol fragment present in
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HOMOLOGOUS SERIES | ALKANE | ALKENE | ALCOHOL | CARBOXYLIC ACID | ESTER | GENERAL FORMULA | CnH2n+2‚ where n= 1‚2‚3‚.. | CnH2n‚ where n= 2‚3‚4‚.. | CnH2n+1OH‚ where n= 1‚2‚3 | CnH2n+1COOH‚ where n= -0‚1‚2‚3‚.. | CnH2n+1COOCmH2m+1‚ where n= 0‚1‚2‚3‚.. and m= 1‚2‚3‚.. | PHYSICAL PROPERTIES | * MP & BP Size of hydrocarbon molecules inc‚ f.o.a inc‚ more heat overcome f.o.a * Density Mass per molecule inc faster than volume per molecule * Gas – liquidSize of hydrocarbon molecule inc‚ f
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B) C3 H6 C) C4 H10 D) C5 H12 3. Which pair of terms correctly describes the reaction between ethane and water? I Hydrogenation II hydration III addition IV substitution 4. A substance with a pleasant smell that undergoes hydrolysis to form an alcohol as one of the products is likely to be: a) sodium ethanoate b) ethanoic acid c) ethanol d) butyl ethanoate 5. The
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form via a loss of a hydrogen on a β-Carbon. Many techniques and skills were developed in this lab. Among them were dehydration‚ isolation‚ drying‚ and distillation. We used all of these techniques to get the product we were looking for. In addition to these experimental techniques we also verified our product via spectroscopy which is a new technique. Using IR spectroscopy we were able to specifically analyze the functional groups on our product. Results and Discussions: Reaction Equation:
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Chapter 5: Solutions‚ Colloids‚ and Membranes Chapter Summary Mixtures and Solutions * A mixture maintains its identity regardless of the proportions of its components. * A mixture can be separated into its pure components through physical separation techniques. * The components are distributed uniformly throughout a homogenous mixture. * The components are not distributed uniformly throughout a heterogeneous mixture. * A solution is composed of a solvent and one or more solutes
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more than one pair of electrons are shared between two carbon atoms. Based on the nature of the carbon chain they are grouped as‚ * Chain form * Branched form * Ring form Alkane‚ Alkene and Alkyne…….. Alkane: Saturated hydrocarbons. Represented by a general form >> CnH2n+2 Alkenes: Unsaturated hydrocarbons. Double bond between two carbon atoms. Represented
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Properties Alkanes & Cycloalkanes: Introduction to Hydrocarbons Alkanes & Cycloalkanes: Conformations and cistrans Stereoisomers Stereochemistry Alcohols & Alkyl Halides. Nucleophilic Substitution Structure & Preparation of Alkenes: Elimination Reactions Reactions of Alkenes: Addition reactions Alkynes Conjugation in Alkadienes & Allylic Systems Arenes and Aromaticity Reactions of Arenes: Electrophilic & Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitutions B. R. Kaafarani 2 Course Grading Exam I Exam II Assignments
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