LAB REPORT! EXPERIMENT#5‚6! MANPREET KAUR KHAIRA! LAB PARTNER: VIAN RAIES! The purpose of this lab exercise was to perform the bromination of (E)-1‚2-diphenylethene (trans-stilbene) by addition reaction in which bromine was added across the double bond to yield a vicinal dibromide. The next step was to perform a double elimination reaction by product gained to synthesize an alkyne‚ that is‚ 1‚2-diphenylacetylene. The two major techniques used in this lab were TLC analysis and UV-vis spectroscopy
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alpha carbon anion on the carbonyl carbon on the 3-nitrobenzaldehyde. Next‚ is the protonation of the oxygen from the 3-nitrobenzaldehyde‚ which is then followed by an elimination reaction where this acts as a leaving group. The product is the trans-alkene present in the product. Figure 2: Mechanism
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CONCEPTS IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY • Inductive Effect : Inductive effect is defined as permanent displacement of shared electron pair in a carbon chain towards more electronegative atom or group. Types of Inductive effect : 1.Negative Inductive Effect : (—I effect‚ Electron withdrawing effect) when an electronegative atom or group (more electro negative than hydrogen)is attached to the terminal of the carbon chain in a compound‚ the electrons are displaced in the direction of the attached
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2012) In the first step‚ the mixture of water‚ concentrated sulphuric acid‚ and cyclohexene was shaken vigorously until it became a homogenous solution. Followed by‚ the addition of water‚ and the distillation process lead to the hydrolysis of the alkene. Finally‚ addition of diethyl ether to the mixture then distillation took place to be purified and to obtain the final product‚ cyclohexanol (McFadden‚ 2012). Diethyl ether was used to extract alcohol from salt-water mixture because diethyl ethers
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chemistry? Carbon compounds. Methane CH4 Hexane C6 H14 Ethane C2H 6 Heptane C7 H16 Propane C3H 8 Octane C8 H18 Butane C4H10 Nonane C9H20 Pentane C 5 H12 Decane C1 0 H22 Alkanes: Saturated Hydrocarbons Rules: Cycloalkanes: Alkenes: Alkynes: General formula: Cn H2n General formula: Cn H2n General formula:Cn H2n -2 Haloalkanes: Alekanes: Alcohols: Alkylhalides CnH2n+n “OH” group F (Fluoro)‚ Cl (Chloro)‚ Br (Bromo)‚ I (Iodo) Other rules: “Anes” - No double
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1. A student neglected to add sodium carbonate when extracting the tea leaves with hot water. Yet a very high yield of caffeine was obtained. The crystals melted at 202-214°C. Explain. • The sodium carbonate is supposed to be added when extracting the tea leaves with hot water in order to help purify the caffeine. So since the student neglected to add sodium carbonate the caffeine won’t be pure but the student would still be able to recover a large amount of caffeine. The literature melting point
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temperature around 100C or less. The crude product was collected which contained water‚ 4-methylcyclohexene‚ and trace acid. D. Questions: 1. Outline a mechanism for the dehydration of 4-methylcyclohexanol catalyzed by phosphoric acid. 2. What major alkene product is produced by the dehydration of the following alcohols? a. Cyclohexanol Cyclohexene b. 1-Methylcyclohexanol methylcyclohexene c. 2-Methylcyclohexanol methylcyclohexne d. 2‚2-dimethylcyclohexanol 1‚2-dimethylcyclohexene 3. Compare
Free Distillation Sulfuric acid Infrared spectroscopy
63.08% Discussion This experiment involved the addition of trans-cinnamic acid to bromine for the production of 2‚3-dibromo-3-phenylpropanoic acid. This process depicted an electrophilic addition of a halogen to an asymmetrically substituted alkene. A result of this process was the presence of a stereospecific bromonium ion formed by the mechanism of the reaction. The mixing of 2.5g of trans-cinnamic acid with 14.6 ml of 10% bromine in dichloromethane over a low heat enable to increase the
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it is used to oxidize the benzoic acid as well as acting as a catalyst for the reaction. Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) is a very strong oxidant which is able to react with many functional groups‚ such as secondary alcohols‚ 1‚2-diols‚ aldehydes‚ alkenes‚ oximes‚ sulfides and thiols. It is heated under a reflux‚ this (heating in a flask with a condenser placed vertically in it) prevents any aldehyde formed in the reaction escape and allow it to have time to be oxidized to carboxylic acid.
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bonds). (3) Name the remaining substituents and their numbers as for alkanes and alkenes. CH3 OH H3C CH2-Cl CH3 H 1-chloro-3‚3-dimethyl-2-butanol Ch10 Alcohols (Str and Syn).doc Page1 (4) Cyclic alcohols have the prefix cyclo-‚ and the hydroxyl group is deemed to be on C-1. HO CH2CH3 1-ethylcyclopropanol (5) Alcohols with double or triple bonds are named using the –ol suffix on the alkene or alkyne name. Numbering gives the hydroxyl group the lowest possible number. When
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