division‚ the chromosomes are distributed to daughter cells. Meiosis results in four daughter cells‚ each having one-half the normal number of chromosomes (23). Genes that code for a particular trait come in several forms or alleles. Genotype refers to the particular set of alleles an individual receives. Phenotype refers to an individual’s observable attributes. People with different genotypes may have similar phenotypes. Some traits involve only one gene locus and are called single-gene traits.
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short-haired guinea pig and a homozygous white‚ long-haired guinea pig. Assume Black color (B) and short-hair (S) are dominant traits. 2. The ability to roll the tongue into almost a complete circle is conferred by a dominant trait‚ while its recessive allele fails to confer this ability. A man and his wife can both roll their tongues and are surprised to find that their son cannot! Explain this by showing the genotypes of all three persons. 3. In rabbits‚ spotted coat (S) is dominant to solid‚ and
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Mendelian inheritance Mendelian inheritance (or Mendelian genetics or Mendelism or Monogenetic inheritance) is a scientific theory of how hereditary characteristics are passed from parent organisms to their offspring; it underlies much of genetics. This theoretical framework was initially derived from the work of Gregor Johann Mendel published in 1865 and 1866 which was re-discovered in 1900; it was initially very controversial. When Mendel’s theories were integrated with the chromosome theory of
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heterozygous‚ Cross F1 x F1 F2 generation shows individuals of both phenotypes‚ in a specific ratio 9:3:3:1 -this would only occur if independent assortment = 2 alleles separate & sort independently into gametes Mendel Rules of inheritance Different alleles for the same gene Principle of segregation-each gamete has 1 allele of each gene Principle of independent assortment Meisois Results in patterns of inheritance by Mendel Meisois 1 is during which segregation occur and principle
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mheducation.com/sites/9834092339/student_view0/chapter20/simulation_of_genetic_drift.html http://anthro.palomar.edu/synthetic/synth_5.htm Genetic drift has many factors that can be linked to the extinction of a species. Genetic drift is a change in allele frequency which can rise or fall over time. Genetic drift lowers genetic variation every generation. The strength genetic drift depends on the size of population. Therefore the lower the population size‚ the less genetic variation there will be compared
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of Independent Assortment: o “the behavior of each pair of differing traits in a hybrid association is independent of all other differences in the two parental strand” o During the course of segregation of alleles different genes assort/ combine indefinitely and independently with other alleles of other genes o Exception “Linked Genes” Reviews on Mendel’s Paper: Mendel is not a Mendelian About speciation and hybridization He tried to find a generally applicable law governing the formation and
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assortment and random crossover An allele that can be masked or suppressed by another allele is said to be __________.Recessive A couple whose blood types are A (IAi) and B (IBi) may have a child with which of the following blood types? A‚ B‚ AB‚ or O Amy’s hand was exposed to X rays. A gene in a skin cell of her hand mutated. This mutant gene will ________. replicate itself when the cell divides but will not be passed on to Amy’s offspring An example of multiple-allele inheritance is ________. the
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monohybrid and dihybrid corn cross seed counts against Mendel ’s theoretical expectations of independent assortment and the segregation of alleles. Next‚ we used the Hardy-Weinberg Theorem to provide a theoretically expected value for allele frequencies for single human gene traits. Lastly‚ we dealt with Drosophila melanogaster and we examined red and white eye alleles to determine if this gene is sex-linked or autosomal. During the mid 1800 ’s Mendel bred garden peas to study inheritance. He choose
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produce an F2 generation. * It was mainly Mendel’s quantitative analysis of F2 plants that revealed the two fundamental principles of heredity: the law of segregation and the law of independent assortment. 2. By the law of segregation‚ the two alleles for a characters are packaged into separate gametes * If the blending model were correct‚ the F1 hybrids from a cross between purple-flowered and white-flowered pea plants would have pale purple flowers. * Instead‚ the F1 hybrids all have
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options are called alleles. Alleles are the variants of a specific gene‚ and one is received from each parent on each chromosome. (“What Are Dominant and Recessive?”). It was chosen to use winged females and wingless males to predict the offspring in this experiment. The winged allele is dominant‚ meaning it only needs one allele to physically appear. The wingless allele is recessive‚ which gets covered up by the dominant allele (“Fruit Fly Genetics”). Each trait has two alleles in the flies’ genotype
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