The first definition of the term appeared in 1954‚ when Allport defined prejudice as “an avertive or hostile attitude toward a person who belongs to a group‚ simply because he belongs to that‚ and is therefore presumed to have the objectionable qualities ascribed to the group” (p. 8). Ethnic prejudice‚ according to Allport‚ is “an antipathy based on faulty and inflexible generalization. It may be felt or expressed. It may be directed toward
Premium Stereotype Identity Nation
Licensed to: iChapters User Licensed to: iChapters User Group Dynamics‚ Fourth Edition Donelson R. Forsyth Acquisitions Editor: Michele Sordi Assistant Editor: Jennifer Wilkinson Editorial Assistant: Jessica Kim Technology Project Manager: Erik Fortier Marketing Manager: Chris Caldeira Marketing Assistant: Nicole Morinon Advertising Project Manager: Tami Strang Project Manager‚ Editorial Production: Emily Smith Art Director: Vernon Boes Print/Media Buyer: Rebecca Cross/Karen Hunt
Premium Sociology Social groups Sociological terms
THE HISTORY OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY As a scientific discipline‚ social psychology is only a bit older than one hundred years‚ with most of the growth occurring during the past five decades (McGarty & Haslam‚ 1997). By most standards‚ social psychology is a relatively young science. In discussing the discipline’s history‚ it should be noted that there are two social psychologies‚ one in psychology and the other in sociology‚ with the larger of the two being the psychological branch (Jones‚ 1998)
Premium Sociology Psychology
cause them to engage in specific examples of social behavior. Social psychology is an attempt to understand and explain how the thought‚ feelings and behavior of individuals are influenced by the actual‚ imagined or implied presence of others. (Allport‚1954). “Imagined” or “implied” suggests that we are prone to social influence even when no one else is present‚ such as when watching television‚ or following internalized cultural norms. This essay stands to show how knowledge and understanding of
Premium Sociology Psychology
Introduction The study of personality is one of the major topics of interest within psychology. Numerous personality theories exist‚ and most of the major ones fall in to one of four major perspectives. Each of these perspectives on personality attempts to describe different patterns in personality‚ including how these patterns form and how people differ on an individual level. The Psychoanalytic Perspective The psychoanalytic perspective of personality emphasizes the importance of
Premium Sigmund Freud Psychology Carl Jung
before analyzing The Breakfast Club. The Contact Hypothesis Theory‚ which is credited to Gordon Allport‚ is about understanding other groups whether they are minority or majority and reducing stereotypes and prejudice acts (Ward). In 1954‚ Allport looked for ways to reduce intergroup conflict from the perspective of the majority group using direct contact with those groups. Along with his theory‚ Allport came up with four conditions that play a part in Contact Hypothesis which are equal status‚ cooperative
Premium English-language films The Breakfast Club Minority group
discussions in the first section. The subsequent section of my paper examines Prejudice as it relates to undesirable/negative attitudes of individuals towards other members of a group‚ race‚ colour‚ tribe etc. Some notable authors’ views like Allport‚ Warren G. Bennis and Robert J. Thomas‚ Banaji and Clawson were also considered. INTRODUCTION This essay reviews theories of how managers do self assessment and personal evaluation of themselves to aid their functionalities as leaders
Premium Leadership
Prejudice is an inevitable aspect of social life Prejudice not only affects individuals or whole groups of people‚ but it may concern entire cultures and their respective behaviours towards other societies. There is plenty of evidence which confirms the presence of prejudice from the past to the present day. The demolition of the Roman Amphitheatre in Pula‚ Croatia‚ during the 13th century is a good example. For instance‚ when the Venetians ruled Croatia‚ they took most of the stones which formed
Free Sociology Social psychology Ethnic group
intergroup bias can be reduced by there being contact between social outgroups in appropriate environments. According to Oskamp and Jones (2000)‚ this is the most widely used psychological intervention for reducing prejudice. It has been suggested by Allport (1954) that the conditions needed for this to work are as follows: equality between the two groups has to be a social norm‚ as well as equality of status between the two groups and thirdly‚ there must be cooperation and the contact must be to reach
Premium Sociology Psychology Scientific method
study. So‚ he developed projects that examined learning in animals to satisfy requirements for his courses and degree. He completed a study of maze learning in chicks‚ but for personal reasons‚ Thorndike did not complete his education at Harvard. Cattell invited him to go to Columbia University where he continued his animal research. He switched from chicks to cats and dogs‚ and made good use out of his own designed "puzzled boxes." In 1898‚ he was awarded the doctorate for his thesis‚ "Animal Intelligence:
Premium Psychology