Corporate Social Responsibility versus Profit Maximization Introduction Nowadays‚ many large multinational corporations which occupy increasing shares in the market and high statues in the society are usually powerful in having both positive and negative effects on the public to a great extent. As a consequence‚ today‚ the concept of Corporate Social Responsibilities (CSR) draws much more public attention. Social responsibility goes beyond profit making and social obligation. CSR is a business
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Theories of Profit There are various theories of profit‚ given by several economists‚ which are as follows: 1. Walker’s Theory of Profit as Rent of Ability This theory is pounded by F.A. Walker. According to Walker‚ “Profit is the rent of exceptional abilities that an entrepreneur may possess over others”. Rent is the difference between the yields of the least and the most efficient entrepreneurs. In formulating this theory‚ Walker assumed a state of perfect completion in which all firms are
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We will now examine the problem of determining price and output levels in alternative market structures. Market structures are categorized in terms of number of firms or the number of sellers present in the market and whether we are considering a homogeneous or differentiable commodity. We will consider four types of market structures: 1. Pure Competition 2. Pure Monopoly 3. Monopolistic Competition 4. Oligopoly Market classifications from the buyer’s angle are‚ 1. Pure Competition
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profit maximization Definition A process that companies undergo to determine the best output and price levels in order to maximize its return. The company will usually adjust influential factors such as production costs‚ sale prices‚ and output levels as a way of reaching its profit goal. There are two main profit maximization methods used‚ and they are Marginal Cost-Marginal Revenue Method and Total Cost-Total Revenue Method. Profit maximization is a good thing for a company‚ but can be a bad thing
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CHALLENGES FACING NIGERIAN DISCOUNT HOUSES IN THE MEDIUM TO LONG TERM ABSTRACT The paper traced the emergence of discount houses to the need for an institutional arrangement for the facilitation of the trading in short-term securities at both the primary and secondary segments of the money market. The British example was seen as the model with countries under the British influence including Ghana‚ Zimbabwe‚ and Nigeria adopting the system to deepen‚ the money market. The discount house operations
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Sales Maximization A reasonable‚ and often pursued objective of firms is to maximize sales‚ that is‚ to sell as much output as possible. Clearly sales lead to revenue‚ meaning that maximizing sales is also bound to maximize revenue. But as the analysis of short-run production indicates‚ maximizing sales does NOT necessarily maximize profit. So why do firms do it? Are firms unreasonable? Are they irrational? Do they NOT understand the basic economic principles of short-run production? For some firms
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Do we need an alternative theory of economics? Economics is usually defined as the problem of how best to distribute limited resources‚ limited because wants are characterised as unlimited‚ but common sense tells us that rather than limited resources‚ there is an abundance of resources. The difference is one of perspective and this is core to any alternative understanding of economics. If wants are the focus‚ then of course resources are limited by definition‚ but if minimum needs or essentials
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Below is a free essay on "Fin/370 Final Exam One Of Them" from Anti Essays‚ your source for free research papers‚ essays‚ and term paper examples. 1. The goal of the firm should be the maximization of profit. (True/False) TRUE It should be FALSE. The goal of the firm should be maximization of shareholder wealth. 2. For the risk-averse financial manager‚ the more risky a given course of action‚ the higher the expected return must be. (True/False) TRUE 3
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UTILITY MAXIMIZATION We will examine the nature of consumer choices by working with a simple model in which the consumer DM chooses how to allocate their income M between two good X and Y. The kinds of choices we examine with this model can be quire general with X and Y varying from subjects as diverse as income versus leisure‚ consumption today versus consumption tomorrow‚ and different classes of consumption goods. The utility model has proven quire useful in a number of real world applications
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Revenue and sales maximization Revenue maximization Maximizing sales revenue is an alternative to profit maximization and occurs when the marginal revenue‚ MR‚ from selling an extra unit is zero. The notion that business firms (especially those operating in the real world) are primarily motivated by the desire to achieve the greatest possible level of sales‚ rather than profit maximization. On a day-to-day basis‚ most real world firms probably do try to maximize sales rather than profit. For firms operating
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