Lecture 2: Pricing by Arbitrage Readings: Ingersoll – Chapter 2 Dybvig & Ross – “Arbitrage‚” New Palgrave entry Ross – “A Simple Approach to the Valuation of Risky Streams‚” Journal of Business‚ 1978 Here we will take a first look at a financial market using a simple state space model. We first develop some structure then examine the implications of the absence of arbitrage. Often in finance problems‚ uncertainty is characterized by the use of a set of random variables with a particular
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Predatory pricing is a practice in which a company attempts to gain control of a market by cutting its prices to levels well below those of competitors‚ so that those competitors go out of business because they cannot match those prices‚ or they cannot sustain lowered prices because they lack capital. This tactic is illegal in many regions of the world‚ although it can be very difficult to prove that a company is really engaging in predatory pricing. Some economists have suggested that this practice
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Marketing Management Psychological Pricing Rodrigo Fernández-Romero. 20th March 2010. Psychological Pricing Many sellers believe that prices should end in an odd number (9‚99€) instead of 10€ as price. Why?. • • • Because consumers have the tendency of ignoring the last digits instead of doing the rounding. Although actually seeing the cents‚ they may subconsciously ignore them. Some suggest that this effect may be enhanced when the cents are printed smaller (for example‚ €19.99)
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measure what is called “Customer Lifetime Value” (CLV) – the present value of the likely future income stream generated by an individual purchaser. “For many companies‚ their whole business revolves around trying to understand which customers are worth keeping and which aren’t‚” says Wharton marketing professor Peter Fader‚ who used the mail order example above in a recent co-authored paper entitled‚ Biases in Managerial Inferences about Customer Value from Purchase Histories: Intuitive Solutions
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Chapter 2 Characteristics of the Airline Industry The real difficulty in changing any enterprise lies not in developing new ideas‚ but in escaping from the old ones. John Maynard Keynes 2.1 Introduction In recent years‚ the European airline industry has exhibited impressively dynamics. The sector has gone through a drastic change on both the supply and the demand side. Unlikely in other industries‚ the driving forces governing the recent changes do not depend mainly on technological factors
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Service Marketing ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- COURSE WORK TITLE (Assignment No. and/or essay/dissertation title) A CASE STUDY ON CUSTOMER ACQUISITON AND RETENTION ON THE AIRLINE SERVICE INDUSTRY DEADLINE DATE: 13 July 2012 I certify that this assignment is my own work. It does not reproduce anyone else’s work without proper acknowledgement. Signed By: Alexander Glenn Sugiarto Date: 10 July 2012 Tick the appropriate
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=((90-52)/52)/((50-75) /75)= -2.19‚ |Ed| is larger than 1. It means that consumers are really sensitive to price changes. In this condition‚ the market was highly price sensitive and a low price stimulates market growth. So it could set price by market-penetration pricing. Bennett hoped to earn a return of 15% on the selling price. 1. If he set the price according to Sanyo’s landed price‚ then the price could be $309. 2. If he set the price based on the school’s revenue‚ then the price could be: 90% students used
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Michele Lynn October 12‚ 2008 Marketing – Resnik Case Study: Southwest Airlines Air travel has its ups and down‚ as does basically any type of travel. However‚ Southwest Airlines has always been my favorite airline to fly. As a young single who loved traveling‚ I found their fares and schedules to be the most convenient for my taste. I always appreciated the staff’s sense of humor‚ and it really never bothered me where I sat‚ so I didn’t mind the “A‚ B‚ C” boarding groups as opposed to
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Transfer Pricing Question 1) BADM4280 Paper Ltd. is a division of GH Inc. BADM4280 Paper Ltd. produces paper and sells it to a number of companies‚ as well as to GH Inc. who uses it in their textbook division. Recently‚ the vice president of marketing for GH Inc. approached BADM4280 Paper Ltd. with a request to make 20‚000 units of a special paper product. The following information is available regarding the BADM4280 Paper division: Selling price of regular paper per unit $80
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E. Pricing Strategy FARMERS GRANARY PRODUCT COSTING Production cost per hectare for 110-120 days Direct Expense Urea Fertilizer Php 6‚300.00 Pesticide 2‚4-D Amine Weed Killer Php 500.00 Surekill Molluscicide Killer Php 960.00 Php 1‚740.00 Sacks 200 pieces Php 2‚600.00 Seeds (Hybrid) Php 23‚050.00 Total Direct Expense Php 33‚690.00 Indirect Expense Fuel Php 500.00 Irrigation Php 1‚200.00 Kuliglig or Two-wheeled
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