Chemical reactions involve the making and breaking of bonds. It is essential that we know what bonds are before we can understand any chemical reaction. To understand bonds‚ we will first describe several of their properties. The bond strength tells us how hard it is to break a bond. Bond lengths give us valuable structural information about the positions of the atomic nuclei. Bond dipoles inform us about the electron distribution around the two bonded atoms. From bond dipoles we may derive electronegativity
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INTRODUCTION TO CHEMICAL BONDS CHEMICAL BOND Definition: A chemical bond is defined as a force that acts between two or more atoms to hold them together as a stable molecule. Main types of bond: 1. Ionic or electrovalent bond‚ 2. Covalent bond‚ 3. Coordinate covalent bond Forth type of bond: Metallic bond: The type of bonding which holds the atoms together in metal crystal. Valence electron: The electrons in the outer most energy level in an atom that takes part in chemical bonding
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Chemical bond From Wikipedia‚ the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation‚ search A chemical bond is an attraction between atoms that allows the formation of chemical substances that contain two or more atoms. The bond is caused by the electrostatic force of attraction between opposite charges‚ either between electrons and nuclei‚ or as the result of a dipole attraction. The strength of chemical bonds varies considerably; there are "strong bonds" such as covalent or ionic bonds and "weak bonds"
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Chemical Periodicity ------------------------------------------------- ABSTRACT The experiment chemical periodicity shows the properties and reactions belonging to group IA‚ IIA‚ and IVA. Proper procedures and observations were done to determine the solubility‚ physical state‚ color‚ and appearance of the compounds namely Li2CO3‚ Na2CO3‚ K2CO3‚ CaCO3‚ and BaCO3. The results shows that Li2CO3‚ Na2CO3‚ K2CO3 were soluble in water‚ while MgCO3‚ CaCO3‚and BaCO3 were not soluble. All of these compounds
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product in Netherland and sale it to cost to Hollandsworth 9 RECOMMENDATION 10 QUESTIONS 11 QUESTION #1 11 QUESTION #1b 11 QUESTION #1c 11 QUESTION #2 12 EXHIBITS 13 AXEON N.V. Case Analysis Axeon N.V Overview Axeon N.V. is a producer of industrial chemicals with 24 manufactory sites around Europe‚ and headquarters in Heerlen‚ Netherlands. It has acquired several companies within Europe to facilitate regional market penetration. By 1996 total sales from each subsidiary is shown in the table below.
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Chemical Bonding Chemical compounds are formed by the joining of two or more atoms. A stable compound occurs when the total energy of the combination has lower energy than the separated atoms. The bound state implies a net attractive force between the atoms ... a chemical bond. The two extreme cases of chemical bonds are: Covalent Bonds Covalent chemical bonds involve the sharing of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms‚ in contrast to the transfer of electrons in ionic bonds. Such bonds lead
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CASE STUDY II AMERICAN BARRICK RESOURCES CORPORATION: MANAGING GOLD PRICE RISK Group II - Cohort 5 American Barrick is the largest gold producer in North America. The implementation of the gold-hedging program differentiated the firm from other major gold rivals and improved its reserve and financial strength. In 1995‚ American Barrick ’s latest gold find necessitated
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Empirical Chemicals‚ LTD. (A): The Merseyside Project Is the proposed $7 million expenditure to renovate and rationalize the polypropylene production line at the Merseyside Plant to exploit opportunities and achieve increased production efficiency worth it? They are under pressure from investors to improve financial performance because Earnings per Share Have dropped from $12.75 in 1990 to $4.55 in 1991. Based on the four criterions that EC holds new projects to‚ I believe that this project
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its cash flow therefore it is a way to; a) Evaluate the Investment Decision b) Decide on a debt policy c) Appraise the performance of top managers 2) Compute the corporate WACC. Be sure to state all your assumptions to get the various inputs to the WACC. r_e=r_f+ β(EMRP) WACC= r_e (E/V)+ r_d (D/V)(1-t) E=Midland’s Equity Market Value D=Midland’s Net Debt (E/V)= Weight for the cost of equity (D/V)= Weight for the cost of V (E+D)= Midland’s total Market Value
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The hypothesis If a chemical reaction occurs‚ then there will be indicators of a chemical change‚ was supported throughout this experiment. Throughout this experiment there were several reactions that took place‚ and an indicator of such chemical reactions could be seen throughout each one. The first piece of identifiable evidence was present in the first step‚ which was when copper (II) nitrate and sodium hydroxide were combined. When stirred‚ a blue precipitate formed at the bottom of the test
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